Technical Report Archive & Image Library (TRAIL) - 151 Matching Results
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- The 1958 He4 Scale of Temperatures: Part 1. Introduction, Part 2. Tables for the 1958 Temperature Scale
- Report containing information regarding He4 vapor pressure measurement as of 1958, the recent history of the vapor pressure temperature scale, and a series of tables containing these measurements.
- Abscissas and Weights for Guassian Quadrature For N=2 to 100, and N-125, 150, 175, 200
- The abscissas and weights for Gaussian Quadrature of order N = 2 to 100,and N = 125, 150, 175, and 200 are given. The abscissas are given to twenty-four places and the error is estimated to be no more than 1 unit in the last place. The weights are given to twenty-three places and the error is estimated to be no more than 1 unit in the last place.
- Acceleration Due to Gravity at the National Bureau of Standards
- Report describing the determination of the absolute value of the acceleration due to gravity at the National Bureau of Standards.
- Acid-Base Behavior in Aprotic Organica Solvents
- Report presenting the National Bureau of Standards' research program designed to determine and explain acid-base behavior in aprotic organic solvents and to develop methods and reference materials for determining total acid and base content and relative strengths of acids and bases in the media.
- Amplitude-Probability Distributions for Atmospheric Radio Noise
- Report providing detail measurements and percentages in charts, using three statistical parameters, for amplitude-probability distributions of atmospheric radio noise.
- Analysis of Coaxial Two-Terminal Conical Capacitor
- From Abstract: "The electric field is plotted and its construction steps for axial symmetry are given."
- Analysis of Electric Energy Usage in Air Force Houses Equipped with Air-to-Air Heat Pumps
- From Introduction: "One part of this study, which is presented in this Monograph, consists of an analysis of electric energy usage and electric power demand data obtained from a sample group of occupied houses at Little Rock Air Force Base in Arkansas, equipped with heat pumps, water heaters, cooking ranges, clothes dryers, and miscellaneous appliances all operated by electricity."
- Analytical Standards for Trace Elements in Petroleum Products
- Report discussing a search conducted for stable, oil-soluble, organic compounds of metals (and other elements) for use in the spectrographic analysis of petroleum products. Compounds having suitable physical properties have been selected as standards. Methods are given for preparation of the compounds and for the spectrographic and chemical analysis of the chosen standards. Procedures are described for the preparation of stable solutions thereof in petroleum oils.
- Annotated Bibliography on Soft X-ray Spectroscopy
- Report presenting a bibliography of about 550 references of the soft X-ray literature since 1950 and through 1960. The emphasis is on the application of soft X-ray spectroscopy to the study of valence band electronic states in metals and alloys. Therefore, the spectral region of 25 to 800 angstroms involving ruled glass grating spectrometers is of principal interest. In addition to soft X-ray data, references on all pertinent aspects of the apparatus and experimental problems are included. Also listed separately are references of value in corroborating soft X-ray data with other results. Subject, author, X-ray band, material, and other indices are included.
- Atomic Energy Levels in Crystals
- Report discussing discrete energy levels observed within certain crystals which are due to perturbations of energy levels of the free ion by an electrostatic field arising from the crystal lattice. The analytic procedures for determining the field from the charge configuration are given, and the resulting fields are classified according to their symmetry. After a general survey of group-theoretical ideas, the applicable groups are analyzed in detail, and characters appropriate for both integral and half-integral angular momenta of the free ion are tabulated. Text includes tabulations, equations, and matrices using Wigner and Racah coefficients.
- Automatic Indexing: A State-of-the-Art Report
- Report presenting a state-of-the-art survey of automatic indexing systems and experiments. It was conducted by the Research Information Center and Advisory Service on Information Processing, Information Technology Division, Institute for Applied Technology, National Bureau of Standards. Consideration is first given to indexes compiled by or with the aid of machines, including citation indexes. Advantages, disadvantages, and possibilities for modification and improvement are discussed. Experiments in automatic assignment indexing are summarized. Related research efforts in such areas as automatic classification and categorization, computer use of thesauri, statistical association techniques, and linguistic data processing are described. A major question is that of evaluation, particularly in view of evidence of human inter-indexer inconsistency. It is concluded that indexes based on words extracted from text are practical for many purposes today.
- Automatic Typographic-Quality Typesetting Techniques: A State-of-the-Art Review
- From Introduction Purpose and Scope of Report: "This report is one of a series prepared for the Research Information Center and Advisory Service on Information Processing (RICASIP), and intended as a contribution to improved cooperation in the fields of information selection systems development, information retrieval research and mechanized translation."
- The Band Spectrum of Carbon Monoxide
- Compilation of carbon monoxide band positions, molecular constants, energy levels, potential energy curves, and other molecular properties derived from the spectrum.
- Basic Magnetic Quantities and the Measurement of the Magnetic Properties of Materials
- From Introduction: "The work of the Magnetic Measurements Section of the National Bureau of Standards includes (1) testing of specifically prepared test specimens intended for use as standards for checking magnetic testing apparatus (2) investigation and development of magnetic testing apparatus (3) calibration of mutual inductors, test coils, and instruments for measuring magnetic fields, and (4) investigations in the field of magnetics such as studies of phenomena associated with nuclear magnetic resonance or the selection and testing of materials suitable to be used as standards of magnetic susceptibility."
- Bibliography and Index on Vacuum and Low Pressure Measurement
- From Introduction: "This paper consists essentially of a) a bibliography, b) an author index, and c) an index of the subject matter of the bibliography. While the primary objective is to focus on vacuum measurement, it was believed essential to include in the bibliography articles on vacuum technology in some measure accessory or essential to vacuum measurement. For maximum usefulness, an index of the subject matter of the references has been prepared. The abstract publications listed in the previous paragraph have been freely drawn upon in preparing the bibliography."
- Bibliography and Index on Vacuum and Low Pressure Measurement, January 1960 to December 1965
- From Abstract: "The bibliography, a supplement to NBS Monograph 35, of the same title, covers the years 1960 to 1965, inclusive, and include 109 references for prior years not listed in Monograph 35. It contains 1787 references, 38 of which are to books. The references, besides those directly concerned with pressure measurement, include those on vacuum technology which may bear on the technique of vacuum measurement, such as on adsorption and desorption, diffusion of gases into solids, gas conductance and hardware such as pumps, seals and traps."
- Bibliography of Temperature Measurement: January 1953 to June 1960
- Report presenting more than 500 references to the field of temperature measurement. These references were collected from two general sources: Scientific and technical literature and government reports. The period covered is from 1953 to June 1960, with some from earlier dates. References are divided into a number of categories based on the type of instrument used. Some references to calibration of instruments and to scientific theories upon which temperature measurement is based are also presented.
- Bibliography of Temperature Measurement: July 1960 to December 1965
- Report combining National Bureau of Standards Monograph 27 with the references given in Supplement 1 (May 13, 1963) and issued as a single publication to assist users of this material. References concern the field of temperature measurement. These references were collected from two general sources: Scientific and technical literature and government reports. References are divided into a number of categories based on the type of instrument used. Some references to calibration of instruments and to scientific theories upon which temperature measurement is based are also presented.
- Bibliography on Atomic Transition Probabilities
- Report presenting a bibliography on atomic transition probabilities. The papers are arranged according to elements and stages of ionization, and the method employed and class of transitions are indicated behind each reference. Only articles on discrete transitions, both permitted and forbidden, are listed. Also included is a supplementary list of papers dealing with transition probabilities from a general point of view, a table showing the availability of numerical material on the individual atoms and ions, and a table of conversion factors.
- Bibliography on Molecular and Crystal Structure Models
- Report that briefly describes many of the models of crystal and molecular structures which have appeared in the literature, and presents a bibliography of the publications, grouped according to model types, which describe the models in more detail.
- Calculation of Sunrise and Sunset Times at Ionospheric Heights Along a Great Circle Path
- Formulas, computer program, and illustrations for a great circle path at ionospheric heights.
- Calibration of Line Standards of Length and Measuring Tapes at the National Bureau of Standards
- From Abstract: "The methods used at the National Bureau of Standards in calibrating line standards of length and measuring tapes submitted for standardization are outlined. The equipment used is described briefly. There is a discussion of some considerations that should be given as to whether or not a standard should be submitted to the Bureau."
- Calibration of Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
- Report discussing important elements of thermometer design. Factors affecting the use of common types of liquid-in-glass thermometers are included together with tables of tolerances and reasonably attainable accuracies. The calculation of corrections for the temperature of the emergent stem is given in detail for various types of thermometers and conditions of use.
- Calibration Procedures for Direct-Current Resistance Apparatus
- From Object and Scope of This Paper: "This paper describes the apparatus and procedures used at the National Bureau of Standards for the measurement of d-c resistance when an accuracy of a few parts in a million is required. The object will be to explain procedures in detail and as simply as possible, with a minimum reference to theory."
- Capacities of Stacks in Sanitary Drainage Systems for Buildings
- "Some of the important results obtained in investigations of capacities of plumbing stacks in test systems at the National Bureau of Standards and elsewhere are discussed. Data are shown from experiments on the flow of water and air in such systems, and analyses of certain flow phenomena are given. Methods are shown for applying the results of research in hydraulics and pneumatics to the preparation of loading tables (for drainage and vent stacks) suitable for use in plumbing codes" (p. 1).
- Causes of Variation in Chemical Analyses and Physical Tests of Portland Cement
- Report discussing variations in comparative tests of portland cements that could lead to the rejection of a material fully conforming to specification requirements, or the acceptance of a material with undesirable chemical or physical properties. Many of the causes for variation in chemical analyses and physical test results are listed in this discussion, and remedies for some of the more frequently encountered deficiencies in apparatus and methods are suggested.
- Chemistry of Cement: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium, Washington 1960, Volume 2
- From Synopsis: "This paper deals mainly with cement paste in terms of its porosity, internal surface area, interaction between solid substance and evaporable water and related properties."
- Climatic Charts and Data of the Radio Refractive Index for the United States and the World
- From Introduction: "This Monograph has as its purpose the compilation and analysis of the extensive radio refractive index data available within the Central Radio Propagation Laboratory of the National Bureau of Standards. This will be accomplished by presenting both tabulations of basic data for specific locations and charts for interpolation to any location."
- Colorimetry
- "The definition of color, as a characteristics of light, and the basic principles of its measurement are given. The reduction of spectrophotometric data to three chromaticity coordinates by means of the three-function CIE standard observer system for colorimetry is described. Various methods of direct colorimetry, and visual and photoelectric methods of colorimetry by differences from material standards are treated" (p. 1).
- Colors of Signal Lights: Their Selection, Definition, Measurement, Production, and Use
- Report discussing the selection, specifications, and use of signal-light colors. It discusses the nature of the problem, and the mathematical representation, recognition, production, control, and use of such colors. The characteristics of different types of chromaticity boundaries and the purpose and effect of the requirement for similarity of chromaticity characteristics are given special consideration. The treatment is varied according to the intended use. The discussion of the control of colors and the section on the use of colors are nontechnical, whereas the section on the production of signal colors is designed for the colorimetrist who is faced with the problem of selecting limit filters or drafting a specification.
- A Comparison of Two Melting-Pressure Equations Constrained to Triple Point Using Data for Eleven Gases and Three Metals
- Parameters determined by a least-squares method for the reduced Simon equation and for a new, empirical melting equation.
- Compilation of the Melting Points of the Metal Oxides
- Report compiling the melting points of 70 metal oxides published prior to January 1963. Both the original melting point and the equivalent value based on the International Practical Temperature Scale of 1948 are presented. Included in the survey is information on pertinent experimental details such as the method of temperature measurement, purity, furnace type, and environmental conditions.
- A Compilation of the Physical Equilibria and Related Properties of the Hydrogen-Carbon Monoxide System
- Graphical presentation of K-factors for eight isotherms, published data on the solid-vapor region, and a bibliography of approximately 450 references.
- A Complete Mode Sum for LF, VLF, ELF Terrestrial Radio Wave Fields
- Report discussing the VLF, ELF propagation in the earth-ionosphere waveguide emphasizing the total field found by summing all modes which contribute appreciably. Solutions are given and calculations are made for a homogeneous isotropic ionosphere, a homogeneous ionosphere with a constant radial magnetic field imposed, and an ionosphere with a magnetic field of arbitrary dip angle.
- Conductive Flooring for Hospital Operating Rooms
- Report issued by the Bureau of Standards over studies on the importance of conductive flooring in hospitals. Types of conductive flooring are compared, and tested. The methods and results are presented, and discussed. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.
- Corrected Optical Pyrometer Readings
- Report presenting a table of corrected optical pyrometer readings which enables optical pyrometer users to convert observed temperature immediately to the true temperature, if the effective emissivity of the material being observed is known. The table gives observed temperatures from 1,000 to 3,000ºK in increments of 5 degrees, from 3,000 to 5,000ºK in increments of 10 degrees, from 5,000 to 10,000ºK in increments of 50 degrees, and from 10,000 to 39,900ºK in increments of 100 degrees. For these, true temperatures are tabulated for 49 emissivities ranging from 0.02 to 0.98 in increments of 0.02.
- Corrosion of Steel Pilings in Soils
- From Introduction: "In this paper are presented the results obtained to date from the inspections of steel pilings. The investigation will be continued by additional inspections of pilings in other parts if the country in order to cover a wider range of soil environments."
- Creep and Drying Shrinkage of Lightweight and Normal-Weight Concretes
- From Scope of Investigation: "The work reported here is part of a continuing program concerning the long-term volume changes in concretes made from lightweight and normal-weight aggregates. The creep, drying-shrinkage, and strength data presented are for concretes made with 24 expanded shale lightweight aggregates and 5 natural, normal-weight aggregates. These aggregates were from widely separated geographical locations and were to be representative samples of aggregates being used in the production of structural concretes."
- Curves of Input Impedance Change Due to Ground for Dipole Antennas
- Report presenting graphs of the change in input impedance of electrically short dipole antennas in the presence of an isotropic and homogeneous ground which considers four types of antennas: horizontal and vertical, electric and magnetic dipoles. Curves of the change in both the input resistance and reactance are shown for a wide range of values of the frequency, antenna height above the ground, and electromagnetic ground constants.
- Determination of Total X-Ray Beam Energy With a Calibrated Ionization Chamber
- From Abstract: "This report describes the use of an air-filled aluminum-alloy ionization chamber to determine the energy transported by a bremsstrahlung beam with maximum photon energy in the range 6 to 170 Mev. This report can be used to construct a replica chamber to determine its absolute calibration between 6 and 170 Mev under a variety of experimental conditions."
- Development of High-Temperature Strain Gages
- From Introduction: "An improved high-temperature gage was needed, and in an attempt to fill this need an investigation was initiated in February 1954 in the Enameled Metals Laboratory at the National Bureau of Standards. The present Monograph constitutes a final summary on this program."
- Effect of Exposure Site on Weather Resistance of Porcelain Enamels Exposed for Three Years
- From Introduction: "The present report describes the condition of all of the porcelain enamels after exposure for 3 yr."
- Effect of Mortar Properties on Strength of Masonry
- Report issued by the National Bureau of Standards over studies conducted on the effects of mortar on the strength of masonry. Materials, methods, and results are presented and discussed. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.
- Effects of Finite Lattice Heat Capacity on Spin Lattice Relaxation: Theory and Numerical Analysis
- Report discussing the transient magnetic behavior of a paramagnetic substance, after an initial disturbance, considered theoretically for a variety of situations in which the lattice temperature rises as a result of energy flow from the magnetic (electron spin) system. Next, the opposite extreme is considered - that in which the resonant and remaining modes are totally uncoupled. Finally, there is a consideration of the case of spins coupled only to the resonant phonons, which in turn are coupled to a constant temperature bath, whether this be the helium or the remaining modes.
- Effects of Thermal Shrinkage on Built-up Roofing
- From Introduction: "The object of this research was to identify and study some of the factors involved in premature failures and to relate the pertinent factors to roof performance."
- Electrical Parameters of Precision, Coaxial, Air-dielectric Transmission Lines
- From Introduction: "Following the guidelines established by this committee, several commercially developed precision connectors have appeared on the market which have led to the wide use of the precision coaxial lines as immittance standards. This paper has been prepared to alleviate this situation by providing graphs from which the electrical parameters of the lines may be determined rapidly and accurately."
- Electron Optical Studies of Low-Pressure Gases
- From Abstract: "This document is the final report of research carried on in the Electron Physics Section of the National Bureau of Standards during the period from February 1, 1955 to March 1962 in developing an electron optical method for the visualization of low-pressure gas flow."
- An Engineering Method for Calculating Protection Afforded by Structures Against Fallout Radiation
- From Introduction: "The purpose of the paper is to discuss the assumptions and the reasoning by which the calculations described in the Engineering Manual were derived from the data in [1]. The relevant curves from [1] are given in Appendix A and the technical charts from the Engineering Manual are given in appendix B."
- An Experimental Study of Phase Variations in Line-of-Sight Microwave Transmissions
- From Introduction: "The purpose of this report is to present an analysis of time variations in: (1) the phase (relative to a stable phase reference) if a 9414 Mc/s signal transmitted over this path, referred to hereafter as single-path phase data; (2) the phase observed at one receiving antenna relative to that observed at an adjacent antenna, referred to as phase difference data; (3) atmospheric refractivity as recorded by a microwave refractometer located at the Haleakala terminal; (4) the wind velocity at both ends of the path, and (5) surface atmospheric refractivity measured at 5 stations located on or near the path."
- Experimental Transition Probabilities for Spectral Lines of Seventy Elements: Derived from the NBS Tables of Spectral-line Intensities
- From introduction: "The goal of the work was to provide lists of the principal lines of the elements generally observed under ordinary conditions in arc spectra, together with their relative intensities on a true scale of relative energy."