National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) - 201 Matching Results
Search Results
- Boron and zirconium from crucible refractories in a complex heat-resistant alloy
- In a laboratory study of the factors involved in the influence of induction vacuum melting on 55ni-20cr-15co-4mo-3ti-3al heat resistant alloy, it was found that the major factor was the type of ceramic used as the crucible. The study concluded that trace amounts of boron or zirconium derived from reaction of the melt with the crucible refactories improved creep-rupture properties at 1,600 degrees F. Boron was most effective and, in addition, markedly improved hot-workability.
- Analysis of transonic rotor-blade passage loss with hot-wire anemometers
- From Introduction: "This report presents data from measurements of the flow in a single-stage research compressor, which supports the model of reference 1. A calculated shock technique similar to that of reference 1 is incorporated with these experimental results. Another approach for estimating passage shock loss given a flow rate and blade geometry was reported in reference 2."
- Control deflections, airplane response, and tail loads measured on an F-100A airplane in service operational flying
- Report presenting the results from 20 hours of service operational flying of an instrumented North American F-100A fighter airplane. Results regarding the altitude and Mach number, normal-load factor, airplane attitude, use of controls, rolling motions, pitching motions, yawing motions, vertical-tail loads, horizontal-tail loads, and a comparison with other airplanes are provided.
- Effects of Surface Roughness and Extreme Cooling on Boundary-Layer Transition for 15 Degrees Cone-Cylinder in Free Flight at Mach Numbers to 7.6
- Report presenting an investigation of three cone-cylinder bodies to obtain boundary-layer-transition data at very low ratios of wall to local stream temperature. Surface finishes at several levels of roughness height were tested. Results regarding the smooth body and rough bodies are provided.
- Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Circumferential Inlet Flow Distortion on the Performance of a Five-Stage Axial-Flow Research Compressor with Transonic Rotors in All Stages
- Memorandum presenting an investigation of the performance of a five-stage transonic research compressor with distorted inlet flow. Both overall performance and individual blade-row performance results over a range of compressor speeds and equivalent weight flows were obtained with three circumferential inlet flow-distortion patterns covering annular extents of 60, 120, and 180 degrees. Results regarding compressor-inlet conditions and overall performance and individual blade-row performance are provided.
- An Investigation of the Free-Spinning and Recovery Characteristics of a 1/24-Scale Model of the Grumman F11F-1 Airplane With Alternate Nose Configurations With and Without Wing Fuel Tanks, TED No. NACA AD 395
- "A supplementary investigation has been conducted in the Langley 20-foot free-spinning tunnel on a l/24-scale model of the Grumman F11F-1 airplane to determine the spin and recovery characteristics with alternate nose configurations, the production version and the elongated APS-67 version, with and without empty and full wing tanks. When spins were obtained with either alternate nose configuration, they were oscillatory and recovery characteristics were considered unsatisfactory on the basis of the fact that very slow recoveries were indicated to be possible. The simultaneous extension of canards near the nose of the model with rudder reversal was effective in rapidly terminating the spin" (p. 1).
- Performance of a Two-Dimensional Cascade Inlet at a Free-Stream Mach Number of 3.05 and at Angles of Attack of -3 Degrees, 0 Degrees, 3 Degrees, and 6 Degrees
- Memorandum presenting an investigation of a double-ramp cascade inlet at Mach number 3.05 in order to determine the penalties associated with decreasing the length of inlets by means of cascades. Total-pressure recovery and profile distortion of the cascade inlet were compared with a similar single-passage inlet that captured the same mass flow.
- Aerodynamic load distribution over a 45 degree swept wing having a spoiler-slot-deflector aileron and other spoiler ailerons for Mach numbers from 0.60 to 1.03
- Report discussing an investigation of a 45 degree swept-back-wing-body combination with flap spoiler ailerons, deflector ailerons, and a spoiler-slot-deflector aileron. The pressures were measured from Mach numbers 0.60 to 1.03 and at various angles of attack.
- Flight Investigation of the Transonic Longitudinal and Lateral Handling Qualities of the Douglas X-3 Research Airplane
- Memorandum presenting a flight investigation to determine the longitudinal and lateral handling qualities of the Douglas X-3 research airplane in the clean configuration. Static and dynamic stability and control characteristics were determined during trimmed and maneuvering flight at an average altitude of 30,000 feet and over a Mach number range from 0.7 to 1.16.
- Investigation at High Subsonic Speeds of the Use of Low Auxiliary Tail Surfaces Having Dihedral to Improve the Longitudinal and Directional Stability of a T-Tail Model at High Lift
- Memorandum presenting an investigation of the use of low auxiliary horizontal-tail surfaces to alleviate the pitch-up tendency at high lift of an airplane configuration with a T-tail. The basic model had a wing with an aspect ratio of 3, a taper ratio of 0.143, and an unswept 80-percent chord line.
- Normal-force and hinge-moment characteristics at transonic speeds of flap-type ailerons at three spanwise locations on a 4-percent-thick sweptback-wing-body model and pressure distribution measurements on an inboard aileron
- Report presenting an investigation conducted at the 16-foot transonic tunnel to determine the loading characteristics of flap-type ailerons located at inboard, midspan, and outboard positions on a 45 degree sweptback-wing-body combination. Results indicated that the loading over the ailerons was established by the wing-flow characteristics and the loading shapes were irregular in the transonic speed range.
- Relation of Turbojet and Ramjet Combustion Efficiency to Second-Order Reaction Kinetics and Fundamental Flame Speed
- Theoretical studies of the turbojet and ramjet combustion process are summarized and the resulting equations are applied to experimental data obtained from various combustor tests. The theoretical treatment assumes that one step in the over-all chain of processes which constitute jet-engine combustion is sufficiently slow to be the rate-controlling step that determines combustion efficiency.
- Performance evaluation of reduced-chord rotor blading as applied to J73 two-stage turbine 4: over-all performance of first-stage turbine with reduced-chord rotor blades at inlet conditions of 35 inches of mercury absolute and 700 R
- Report presenting a study of the first stage performance characteristics of the two-stage turbine from the J73 turbojet engine. The reduced-chord first-stage turbine operated at a peak brake internal efficiency of over 91 percent at a stage overall pressure ratio of 1.4 and at 90 percent of the design equivalent speed. The unit exhibited high efficiency over a wide range of operating variables.
- Performance evaluation of reduced-chord rotor blading as applied to J73 two-stage turbine 5: effect of inlet pressure on over-all performance at design speed and inlet temperature of 700 degrees R
- Report presenting an investigation of a reduced-chord multistage turbine at design speed and various turbine-inlet pressures from 12 to 40 inches of mercury absolute. At each inlet pressure, the turbine was operated over a range of overall turbine total-pressure ratios; turbine-inlet temperature was maintained at 700 degrees R. The results indicated that no appreciable effect on turbine overall performance was observed over the range of turbine-inlet total pressures investigated.
- Transonic Flutter Investigation of a Cantilevered, Aspect-Ratio-4, 45 Degree Sweptback, Untapered Wing With Three Different Pylon-Mounted External Store Configurations
- Report presenting an investigation of the transonic flutter characteristics of a cantilevered, aspect-ratio-4, 45 degree sweptback, untapered wing with three different pylon-mounted external-store configurations. An additional study was created during the investigation to find a store configuration with a substantially higher flutter speed than what was obtained with the other two stores. Results regarding general comments, the investigation of store types A and B, node-line survey, and the investigation of store type C are provided.
- Wind-Tunnel Tests of the Static Longitudinal Characteristics at Low Speed of a Swept-Wing Airplane With Blowing Flaps and Leading-Edge Slats
- Memorandum presenting a wind-tunnel investigation of a high-wing airplane with an aspect ratio 6.75 wing with approximately 36 degrees of sweepback in order to determine the lift effectiveness obtainable with trailing-edge blowing flaps in combination with leading-edge slats. Close to theoretical flap effectiveness was obtained with blowing flaps deflected 45, 55, and 65 degrees at low angles of attack. Results regarding the wind tunnel, take-off performance, landing performance, and comparisons with flight data are provided.
- Wind-tunnel tests of the static longitudinal characteristics at low speed of a swept-wing airplane with blowing flaps and leading-edge slats
- Report presenting a wind-tunnel investigation of a high-wing airplane with an aspect ratio 6.75 wing with approximately 36 degrees of sweepback to determine the lift effectiveness obtainable with trailing-edge blowing flaps in combination with leading-edge slats. Flap effectiveness and stability were maintained to high angles of attack by control of leading-edge flow separation with slats. An analysis of the take-off performance, landing performance, and comparisons with flight data are provided.
- Experimental Investigation of the Transonic and Supersonic Flutter Characteristics of the Upper and Lower Vertical Tails of an Air-to-Ground Missile
- "Flutter models of the upper and lower vertical tails of an air-to-ground missile have been tested in the Mach number range from 0.5 to 3.0. It was found that the upper surface exhibited more or less conventional flutter behavior throughout the Mach number range, whereas the lower surface experienced a sudden change in flutter mode at a Mach number of about 1.18. This change in flutter mode was accompanied by a decrease of about 50 percent in the density required for flutter to occur" (p. 1).
- Results of an investigation at high subsonic speeds to determine lateral-control and hinge-moment characteristics of a spoiler-slot-deflector configuration on a 35 degree sweptback wing
- Report presenting an investigation in the high speed 7- by 10-foot tunnel through a range of Mach numbers to determine the lateral-control and hinge-moment characteristics of a spoiler-slot-deflector configuration on a semispan 35 degree sweptback-wing model. The results indicated that the spoiler-slot-deflector configuration with the ratio of deflector projection to spoiler projection increasing with increasing control projection has good rolling-moment effectiveness throughout the angle of attack range and throughout the high subsonic speed range.
- Static Longitudinal and Lateral Stability Parameters of Three Flared-Skirt Two-Stage Missile Configurations at a Mach Number of 6.86
- Memorandum presenting an investigation to determine the static longitudinal and lateral stability of three variations of a flared-skirt-type two-stage missile configuration with three different nose shapes, body cross sections, and skin geometry in the 11-inch hypersonic tunnel. The results of the investigation show that the models with rounded triangular cross sections have a variation of lift, drag, lift-drag ratio, and stability with roll angle.
- NACA Conference on Aircraft Loads, Structures, and Flutter
- "This document contains reproductions of technical papers on some of the most recent research results on aircraft loads, flutter, and structures from the NACA laboratories. These papers were presented by members of the staff of the NACA laboratories at the Conference held at the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory March 5, 6, and 7, 1957. The primary purpose of this Conference was to convey to contractors of the military services and others concerned with the design of aircraft these recent research results and to provide those attending an opportunity to discuss the results" (p. 6).
- A variational theorem for creep with applications to plates and columns
- A variational theorem is presented for a body undergoing creep. Solutions to problems of the creep behavior of plates, columns, beams, and shells can be obtained by means of the direct methods of the calculus of variations in conjunction with the stated theorem. The application of the theorem is illustrated for plates and columns by the solution of two sample problems.
- Investigation of Ejection Release Characteristics of Bluff TX-28 and Turnabout TX-28 Stores From a 1/17-Scale Simulated Bomb Bay of the Republic F-105 Airplane at Mach Numbers of 1.39 and 1.98 : Coord. No. AF-222
- Memorandum presenting a study of two bluff modifications of the TX-28 store in the 27- by 27-inch preflight jet of the Langley Pilotless Aircraft Research Station. Successful releases were made with both stores at near-sea-level conditions with high ejection velocities. Results regarding the Bluff TX-28 and Turnabout TX-28 are provided.
- Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic characteristics of a deck-inlet multijet water-based-aircraft configuration designed for supersonic flight
- From Introduction: "In the present investigation, lift, drag, and pitching moment were determined over a Mach number range 0.6 to 1.42. Smooth-water takeoff and landing stability and resistance were investigated. A brief check of the rough-water spray and behavior was also made."
- Pressure Distributions on Four Canopy-Fuselage Configurations at Transonic Speeds
- Report presenting pressure-distribution data for a drooped-nose-fuselage forebody alone and with four canopy shapes mounted on the forebody. Two canopies had the same shape and size rearward of the windshield but one had a flat and one had a v-shaped windshield, and the other two canopies were located at different body sections with smaller maximum cross-sectional areas, higher fineness ratios, and flat windshields. Results regarding the effect of windshield shape, canopy location, Mach number, sideslip, and angle of attack are provided.
- The Static and Dynamic-Rotary Stability Derivatives at Subsonic Speeds of an Airplane Model With an Unswept Wing and a High Horizontal Tail
- Report presenting measurements in a wind tunnel of the static and dynamic-rotary stability derivatives of a model with an unswept wing of low aspect ratio and a high horizontal tail. Tests were conducted at a range of Mach numbers and angles of attack. Results regarding a variety of aerodynamic characteristics are provided.
- The response of an airplane to random atmospheric disturbances
- The statistical approach to the gust-load problem, which consists in considering flight through turbulent air to be a stationary random process, is extended by including the effect of lateral variation of the instantaneous gust intensity on the aerodynamic forces. The forces obtained in this manner are used in dynamic analyses of rigid and flexible airplanes free to move vertically, in pitch, and in roll. The effect of the interaction of longitudinal, normal, and lateral gusts on the wind stresses is also considered.
- Boundaries of Supersonic Axisymmetric Free Jets
- Report presenting calculations by the method of characteristics of 2960 boundaries of supersonic axisymmetric free jets exhausting from conically divergent nozzles into still air. The calculations covered a range of jet Mach numbers, a ratio of specific heats of the jet, divergence angles of the nozzle, and jet static-pressure ratios. Results regarding the effect of increasing the static pressure ratio, the simulation of one jet boundary by another, and interpolation and extrapolation of calculated boundaries are provided.
- Effects of variations in combustion-chamber configuration on ignition delay in a 50-pound-thrust rocket
- Ignition delays of a diallylaniline-triethylamine mixture and of triethyl trithioposphite with red fuming nitric acid were measured as a function of combustor dimensions, initial propellant temperature, and initial ambient pressure. Ignition delay increased with exhaust-nozzle diameter. Ignition delay also increased as propellant temperature decreased, but did not vary with initial ambient pressure except with the largest nozzle diameter. A correlation among ignition delay, combustor dimensions, and propellant temperature is presented, and the extension of the correlation to other systems is discussed.
- Full-scale wind-tunnel tests of a 35 degree sweptback-wing airplane with high-velocity blowing over the trailing-edge flaps: longitudinal and lateral stability and control
- Report presenting a wind tunnel investigation to determine the effects of a blowing type boundary-layer control flap on the longitudinal control and lateral stability and control of an F-86D airplane. Tests were made using the following lateral control devices: split-flap-type spoilers, differentially deflected flaps, and differential amounts of blowing over the flaps.
- Investigation of two-stage counterrotating compressor 2: first-rotor blade-element performance
- Report presenting an analysis of the blade-element performance of a highly loaded transonic rotor with double-circular-arc blades. The rotor was purposely loaded beyond the prudent level for exploratory purposes. Results regarding the radial-distribution plots, blade-element data, element blade-to-blade loss variation, and a comparison of steady-state and hot-wire measurements are provided.
- A Survey and Evaluation of Flutter Research and Engineering
- Memorandum presenting a survey and evaluation of flutter research and flutter engineering, with particular emphasis placed on the design of primary fixed surfaces and primary controls. Analyses are made of recent flutter occurrences to delineate past and future problems, and detailed appraisals are given of the status of the various engineering branches involved in the analytical and experimental prediction of flutter.
- Average Properties of Compressible Laminar Boundary Layer on Flat Plate With Unsteady Flight Velocity
- The time-average characteristics of boundary layers over a flat plate in nearly quasi-steady flow are determined. The plate may be either insulated or isothermal. The time averages are found without specifying the plate velocity explicitly except that it is positive and has an average value.
- Aerodynamic Characteristics of a 6-Percent-Thick Symmetrical Circular-Arc Airfoil Having a 30-Percent-Chord Trailing-Edge Flap at a Mach Number of 6.9
- Memorandum presenting an investigation of the flow characteristics over a 6-percent-thick symmetrical circular-arc airfoil section with a 30-percent-chord trailing-edge flap at a Mach number of 6.90 and a Reynolds number of 1.65 x 10(sub 6). The model was tested over an angle-of-attack range of 0 to 16 degrees and a flap-deflection range of -16 degrees to 16 degrees. Results regarding pressure results and aerodynamic characteristics are provided.
- Effect of Several Wing Modifications on the Subsonic and Transonic Longitudinal Handling Qualities of the Douglas D-558-II Research Airplane
- Memorandum presenting the subsonic and transonic longitudinal handling qualities of the Douglas D-558-II research airplane with several wing modifications designed to alleviate swept-wing instability and pitch-up. The airplane configurations investigated included the basic wing configuration and two wing-fence configurations in combination with retracted, free-floating, or extended slat,s and a wing leading-edge chord-extension configuration.
- An Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Several Diffusers and Diffuser-Entrance-Mixing-Section Combinations on the Power Requirements of a 4 1/2-Inch by 4 1/2-Inch Slotted Transonic Wind Tunnel
- Report presenting testing of a 4.5 inch by 4.5 inch tunnel with slots in two opposite walls in order to determine the effects of various slot exit shapes, mixing sections, and diffusers on power requirements. Some of the data obtained included measurements of the pressure ratio required to operate the tunnel, the effects of auxiliary bleed flow, diffuser static-pressure ratios and distributions, and diffuser total pressure distributions.
- Time-Vector Determined Lateral Derivatives of a Swept-Wing Fighter-Type Airplane with Three Different Vertical Tails at Mach Numbers Between 0.70 and 1.48
- Memorandum presenting rudder-pulse maneuvers performed with a swept-wing fighter-type airplane at altitudes from 30,000 to 43,000 feet over a Mach number range of 0.71 to 1.48 to determine the lateral stability characteristics relative to the stability axes, in general, and the lateral derivative characteristics, in particular. Four configurations were employed; three involves different vertical tails with varying aspect ratio or area and the fourth employed a large tail with an extension of the wing tips.
- Aerodynamics of Missiles Employing Wings of Very Low Aspect Ratio
- Memorandum presenting wind tunnel tests performed on a family of missiles. This paper summarizes some of the performance and stability and control characteristics of the missiles.
- Aircraft configurations developing high lift-drag ratios at high supersonic speeds
- From Introduction: "Range in more or less steady level flight depends directly on aerodynamic lift-drag ratio at high supersonic speeds, just as it does at lower speeds. This result follows from the classical Breguet range equation in the case of powered flight, and it may be easily deduced from the equations of motion for unpowered or gliding flight (see refs. 1 and 2)."
- External-Store Drag Reduction at Transonic and Low Supersonic Mach Numbers by Application of Baldwin's Moment-of-Area Rule
- Report presenting an investigation to evaluate the external-store drag reductions obtainable by application of Baldwin's moment-of-area rule. Several wing-body combinations were investigated with and without four typical air-to-air missiles. Results regarding the total-drag measurements, wave-drag components, and effectiveness of moment-of-area rule for reducing the drag of the external-store installations are provided.
- Problems of performance and heating of hypersonic vehicles
- Report presenting a comparison of three hypervelocity vehicles: a ballistic rocket, a skip rocket, and a rocket glider. Range efficiency, automatic heating, and problems of glide rockets are explored.
- A reevaluaion of data on atmospheric turbulence and airplane gust loads for application in spectral calculations
- From Summary: "The available information on the spectrum of atmospheric turbulence is first briefly reviewed. On the basis of these results, methods are developed for the conversion of available gust statistics normally given in terms of counts of gusts or acceleration peaks into a form appropriate for use in spectral calculations. The fundamental quantity for this purpose appears to be the probability distribution of the root-mean-square gust velocity. Estimates of this distribution are derived from data for a number of load histories of transport operations; also, estimates of the variation of this distribution with altitude and weather condition are derived from available data and the method of applying these results to the calculation of airplane gust-response histories in operations is also outlined."
- A Review of Recent Information on Boundary-Layer Transition at Supersonic Speeds
- Memorandum presenting an investigation to define the relationships between the extent of laminar flow and such variables as surface smoothness, wall temperature, pressure gradient, and Mach number. The purpose of this particular paper is to review briefly the results that have been obtained from research.
- Chemical and Physical Properties of Hi-Cal-2
- "As part of the Navy Project Zip to consider various boron-containing materials as possible high-energy fuels, the chemical and physical properties of Hi-Cal-2 prepared by the Callery Chemical Company were evaluated at the NACA Lewis laboratory. Elemental chemical analysis, heat of combustion, vapor pressure and decomposition, freezing point, density, self ignition temperature, flash point, and blow-out velocity were determined for the fuel. Although the precision of measurement of these properties was not equal to that obtained for hydrocarbons, this special release research memorandum was prepared to make the data available as soon as possible" (p. 1).
- Effect of Inlet Temperature on Rotating Stall and Blade Vibrations in a Multistage Axial-Flow Compressor
- Report presenting rotating-stall and blade-vibration data for the first three rotor blade rows of a 13-stage axial-flow compressor at several inlet temperatures. Stall patterns of 1 through 5 stall zones were detected at all inlet temperatures in the equivalent compressor speed ranges between 4600 and 6200 rpm.
- Flight Measurements of the Lateral Response Characteristics of the Convair XF-92A Delta-Wing Airplane
- Memorandum presenting rudder pulse maneuvers obtained with the Convair XF-92A delta-wing research airplane at an altitude of about 30,000 feet over a Mach number range of 0.52 to 0.92. Tests were made with and without a wing fence. By analyzing the maneuvers, the characteristics of the airplane transient, airplane stability derivatives, and frequency-response characteristics were measured.
- Stall and flame-out resulting from firing of armament
- Report presenting an analysis of the causes of compressor stall and flame-out when armament is fired during flight at high altitudes. Experimental data are also presented. The increase in compressor-inlet temperature during armament firing was found to be the most important single factor affecting engine performance.
- Flight Determination of the Longitudinal Stability and Control Characteristics of a 0.125-Scale Rocket-Boosted Model of the Mcdonnell F-101 Airplane at Mach Numbers from 0.82 to 1.84
- From Summary: "A flight test has been conducted to determine the longitudinal stability and control characteristics of a 0.125-scale model of the McDonnell F-101A airplane for the Mach number range between 0.82 and 1.84. The variation of lift-curve slope with Mach number was gradual with a maximum value of 0.107 occurring at a Mach number of 0.95. The minimum drag coefficient (including base and internal drag) has a value of 0.020 at a Mach number of 0.87. The drag rise begins at a Mach number of 0.90, and at Mach number of 1.10 the minimum drag is 0.070. Above this Mach number there is a gradual increase in minimum drag coefficient to a value of 0.074 when the Mach number is 1.83."
- Effect of Interaction on Landing-Gear Behavior and Dynamic Loads in a Flexible Airplane Structure
- "The effects of interaction between a landing gear and a flexible airplane structure on the behavior of the landing gear and the loads in the structure have been studied by treating the equations of motion of the airplane and the landing gear as a coupled system. The landing gear is considered to have nonlinear characteristics typical of conventional gears, namely, velocity-squared damping, polytropic air-compression springing, and exponential tire force-deflection characteristics. For the case where only two modes of the structure are considered, an equivalent three-mass system is derived for representing the airplane and landing-gear combination, which may be used to simulate the effects of structural flexibility in jig drop tests of landing gears" (p. 619).
- Effect of compression-inlet area blockage on performance of an experimental compressor and a hypothetical noise
- Report presenting an investigation to determine the effects of inlet-annulus blockage on compressor performance and its corresponding effect on the computed performance of a hypothetical engine. The hypothetical engine performance was calculated from the overall compressor performance and assumed component performance characteristics. Results regarding the compressor performance with no inlet blockage, effect of hub blockage on compressor performance and stall characteristics, effect of sector blockage on compressor performance, effect of hub blockage on computed engine performance, and design and control problems are provided.