Congressional Research Service Reports - 51 Matching Results
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- South Africa: U.S. Policy After Sanctions
- No Description Available.
- Enterprise Zones as a Concept
- "Enterprise zones" as a concept originated in England in the late 1970s. The idea is to free certain specified urban areas of taxes and government regulations to encourage private business investment and create new jobs. Empirical evidence to support the concept is lacking. This paper contains a discussion of the concept of enterprise zones, without reference to any legislative proposals in the United States. Analyses of legislation will appear as prime sponsors introduce new bills.
- The Corporate Minimum Tax: Rationale, Effects, and Issues
- This report discusses rationale, effects, and issues related to the corporate Minimum Tax.
- Abortion: Legislative Control
- In 1973, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the Constitution protects a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy (Roe v. Wade), and that a State may not unduly burden the exercise of that fundamental right by regulations that prohibit or substantially limit access to the means of effectuating that decision (Doe v. Bolton). However, the issue of a woman's right to an abortion is far from settled. This report discusses the various legislative actions undertaken since 1973 to either nullify these rulings or hinder their effectuation.
- Family Planning: Title X of the Public Health Service Act
- This report discusses Title X of the Public Health Service Act provides support for family planning clinics, research related to family planning and population, training of family planning personnel, and development and dissemination of family planning information.
- Abortion, 1980-1981: Public of Opinion
- This report
- Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI): Mission Objectives for Directing the Program
- No Description Available.
- Nuclear Power: Three Mile Island Accident-- Congressional Rseponse and Investigations
- This report contains background information and investigations regarding the Three Mile Island nuclear power accident near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. It also shows the President's Commission and overall chronology of Committee responses on one of the largest nuclear power plant accident.
- Telephone Industry Residential Subscriber Line Charges and the Lifeline Option
- No Description Available.
- The Proposed Equal Rights Amendment
- This CRS Report provides a brief legislative history of the proposed Equal Rights Amendment and a description of its current status. The report also contains pro and con analyses of the possible effects of ERA, were it to be ratified, and a discussion of questions raised by the action of Congress in extending the deadline for ratification and by the action of States that have voted to rescind their approval of the measure. This report is based in part on an earlier CRS report by Morrigene Holcomb and Karen Keesling.
- The Strategic Defense Initiative: Issues for Phase 1 Deployment
- No Description Available.
- The Strategic Defense Initiative: Issues for Phase 1 Deployment
- No Description Available.
- An Overview of the Medicare Program
- This report is an outline of the Medicare program in the United States.
- Legal Implications of the Contagious Disease or Infections Amendment to the Civil Rights Restoration Act, S.557
- This report discusses the civil rights restoration act, S. 557, as it passed the House and Senate. This provision would most likely be interpreted as codifying the existing standards relating to section 504 interpretation concerning discrimination against individuals with handicaps.
- Legal Implications of the Contagious Disease or Infections Amendment to The Civil Rights Restoration Act, S. 557
- This report discusses how the wording of S. 557 (The Contagious Disease or Infections Amendment) can be interpreted in practice, as well as the relationship between S. 557 and section 504, 29 U.S.C. 794, which deals with disibility discrimination in the workplace.
- Federal Funding for Research and Development in Major Departments and Agencies, Fiscal Year 1984
- This report
- One Vote: Some Illustrations of the Importance of a Single Vote in American History
- This report is on Some Illustrations of the Importance of a Single Vote in American History.
- Abortion: Judicial Control
- In 1973 the U.S. Supreme Court held that the Constitution protects a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy, Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113, and that a State may not unduly burden the exercise of that fundamental right by regulations that prohibit or substantially limit access to the means of effectuating that decision, Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179. But rather than settling the issue, the Court's rulings have kindled heated debate and precipitated a variety of governmental actions at the national, State and local levels designed either to nullify the rulings or hinder their effectuation. This brief discusses this ongoing issue, highlighting judicial history and decisions.
- The Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987: Legal Analysis of S.557
- The Senate i n January 1988 passed S. 557 with amendments to “restore the...broad institution – wide application" of certain federal civil rights laws in the wake of t h e U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Grove City College v. Bell . This report discusses the background and contents of this legislation.
- The Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987: Legal Analysis of S.557
- The Senate i n January 1988 passed S. 557 with amendments to “restore the...broad institution – wide application" of certain federal civil rights laws in the wake of t h e U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Grove City College v. Bell . This report discusses the background and contents of this legislation.
- Civil Defense and the Effects of Nuclear War
- This Info Pack contains material on nuclear weapons and on the anticipated physical, economic, and social consequences of nuclear attacks on the United States, basic information on the civil defense program, and material discussing some of the arguments, pro and con, surrounding the civil defense issues.
- Nuclear Weapons Freeze Movement: Issues for National Debate
- No Description Available.
- Standardized Educational Test Scores
- Congressional Research Service (CRS) report entailing information about standardized educational test scores. Topics include, the American College Test (ACT), the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), controversies, etc..
- Summaries of Federal Environmental Laws Administered by the Environmental Protection Agency
- No Description Available.
- Soft Versus Hard Energy Paths: An Analysis of the Debate
- No Description Available.
- Automobiles Imported from Japan
- In recent years, U.S. automotive imports from Japan have seen an increasing at an unusually rapid pace. Congress is considering measures that alleviate the situation and in June 1980 concurrently resolved to promote the competitiveness of U.S. industry in world automobile and truck markets. As a result of the restraint agreement, automobile imports from Japan dropped from 1.99 million units in 1980 to 1.91 million units in 1981 (calendar year).
- Japan's International Trade Patterns, Institutions, and Policies
- This report presents an overview of Japan's performance in its trading relations. The report begins with a discussion of the development, size, and importance of Japan's international trading sector. It then examines the composition, institutions, and policies for trade. This is followed by a review of Japan's balance of payments, capital flows, value of the yen, and direction of trade.
- Candidates for Presidential Nomination in 1988: Major Declared Contestants and Campaign Organizations
- This report lists the candidates that have withdrawn from the 1988 Presidential race.
- Health: Catastrophic Health insurance
- This report is about catastrophic health insurances.
- Aspartame: An Artificial Sweetener
- Since 1973 when the Food and Drug Administration first approved the artificial sweetener, aspartame, for use in food products, some researchers have raised questions about possible health effects associated with its consumption. This paper provides an overview of the regulatory history and possible health problems associated with the use of aspartame.
- Heroin: Legalization for Medical Use
- This report discusses the limited legalization of diacetylmorphine (heroin) for use in the medical treatment of intractable pain. The report attempts to present pros and cons on the issue as well as information on pending legislation. The report also provides a comparison of heroin's analgesic qualities to those of currently available and equivalent pharmaceutical alternatives.
- Iran-Contra Affair: Biographical Profiles
- This report provides biographical information on individuals who have been associated in public reports with the controversy surrounding the secret U.S. arms sales to Iran and the channeling of profits to the rebels or Contras in Nicaragua. The information has been compiled from public sources.
- Lobby Act Reform
- This report discusses the methods to achieve effective accountability form lobbyists groups and individuals who seek to influence the governmental decision-making process.
- Costa Rica: U.S. Foreign Assistance Facts
- This issue brief provides basic information on the U.S. aid program and on the general situation in Costa Rica. It is one in a series on U.S. assistance to key countries.
- Guatemala: U.S. Foreign Assistance Facts
- In the past three years, the Administration has moved to substantially increase U.S. aid levels for Guatemala from $18.3 million in FY84 to a proposed $149.7 million in FY88. Budgetary limits on the overall size of the U.S. foreign aid program may cause reductions in the proposed 1988 levels, however, independent of any choices related to the Guatemalan, situation. This issue brief provides basic information on the U.S. aid program and on the general situation in Guatemala. It also outlines major issues that have arisen in the aid debate.
- Honduras: U.S. Foreign Assistance Facts
- This report provides basic information on the U.S. aid program and on the general situation in Honduras. It also outlines major issues that have arisen in the aid debate.
- Manual on the Federal Budget Process
- The purpose of this manual is to assist users of Federal budget information in understanding how the process works and how data are to be interpreted.
- Manual on the Federal Budget Process
- The purpose of this manual is to assist users of Federal budget information in understanding how the process works and how data are to be interpreted.
- Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAS): Proposals to Expand Tax Incentives for Retirement Savings
- This report contains information about workers covered by employer-sponsored retirement plans.
- Should the Federal Government Sponsor a National Lottery?: Some Preliminary Considerations
- No Description Available.
- Antisatellites (Killer Satellites)
- This issue brief discusses "killer satellites," the unofficial moniker for antisatellite (ASAT) missiles possessed by the Soviet Union in the 1970s and 1980s, as well as U.S. efforts to develop ASAT systems and simultaneously limit their development and use.
- Space Shuttle
- The national Aeronautics an6 Space Administration's major manner program of the post-Apollo era is the development of a space transportation system (STS) based on a reusable space shuttle launch vehicle. Funded since FY71, the shuttle program is coming to fruition: the space shuttle successfully completed its series of four test flights on July 4, 1982. The first operational f1ig; fit was successfully completed in November 1982. The next shuttle flight has been delayed because of leaks in one of the orbiter's main engines. NASA hopes to be ready for launch on Apr. 4, 1963.
- AIDS: An Overview of Issues
- This report discusses the many difficult policy dilemmas associated with the AIDS epidemic, including past Congressional funding to support AIDS research and education efforts, strategies for controlling the spread of the AIDS virus, and methods and resources available for the care and treatment of persons with AIDS.
- Kissinger Commission Implementation: Actions by the Congress Through 1986 on the Recommendations of the National Bipartisan Commission of Central America
- "This report summarizes the implementation by the Congress of the policy recommendations made in January 1984 by the National Bipartisan Commission on Central America, the so-called 'Kissinger Commission'" (p. iii).
- Handbook of Alternative Energy Technology Development and Policy
- This report examines alternate energy policies and federal funding for these policies.
- Independent Truckers: The Effects of Recent Legislation on Earnings (Effects of the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 and the Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1983, as they affect highway-related taxes, two trailers, length and width of vehicles, and weights and loads)
- Congress passed legislation late in 1982 that is expected to have a significant effect on the annual net earnings of independent truckers. About 90 percent of fresh produce, most used household goods, and from one-third to one-half of all fabricated steel and other commodities transported by truck are hauled by independent truckers. The legislation raised the Federal fuel tax by 5 cents per gallon and significantly raised a highway use tax that is based on the weight of the vehicle. The legislation also allowed truckers to use two trailers, longer and wider vehicles, and carry heavier loads. This CRS report discusses these 1982 changes in Federal legislation. It also contains an estimate of the upper and lower bound of the impact that these changes could have on the annual net earnings of independent truckers.
- The Immigration and Nationality Act: Questions and Answers
- The basic United States law governing immigration and naturalization is contained in the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, as amended (8 U.S.C. 1101 -- et seq.). This report provides questions and answers to explain the way in which the Immigration and Nationality Act as amended through 1981 regulates the entry of aliens for permanent and temporary residence in the United States, and other major provisions of the law. Emphasis is placed on subjects which have been of particular interest to the Congress in recent years. This supersedes CRS Report No. 81-65 EPW.
- The Role of Gold in International Monetary System
- This report provides a survey of the past and present role of gold in the international monetary system.
- Education: Impact Aid (FY84 Funding Levels and Priorities)
- This report is about the impact aids for education.
- Political Broadcasts - Regulate or Deregulate?
- No Description Available.