Congressional Research Service Reports - 50 Matching Results

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The Equal Rights Amendment: Close to Adoption?

Description: This report discusses the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), which was first presented to the states in 1972 and has been ratified by 37 states, most recently by Illinois in May 2018.
Date: July 2, 2018
Creator: Shimabukuro, Jon O.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in Congress, 1917-2018: Service Dates and Committee Assignments by Member, and Lists by State and Congress

Description: This report provides an overview of all women who have served in Congress and includes committee assignments, dates of service, district information, and listings by Congress and state, and (for Representatives) congressional districts of the 327 women who have been elected or appointed to Congress.
Date: March 19, 2018
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E. & Brudnick, Ida A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in Congress, 1917-2018: Service Dates and Committee Assignments by Member, and Lists by State and Congress

Description: This report provides data on women who have served in Congress from 1917-2018. It includes committee assignments, dates of service, district information, and listings by Congress and state, and (for Representatives) congressional districts of the 327 women who have been elected or appointed to Congress.
Date: February 6, 2018
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E. & Brudnick, Ida A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (FVPSA): Background and Funding

Description: This report provides an overview of the federal response to domestic violence--defined broadly to include acts of physical and nonphysical violence against spouses and other intimate partners--through the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (FVPSA). The report begins with background on the definitions of domestic violence, family violence, and related terms. This background section also describes the risk factors for domestic violence and estimates of the number of victims. The next sec… more
Date: September 13, 2017
Creator: Fernandes-Alcantara, Adrienne
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in Congress, 1917-2016: Biographical and Committee Assignment Information, and Listings by State and Congress

Description: This report includes biographical information for the 313 women who have been elected or appointed to Congress including names, committee assignments, dates of service, listings by Congress and state, and (for Representatives) congressional districts.
Date: November 7, 2016
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E. & Brudnick, Ida A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pay Equity: Legislative and Legal Developments

Description: This report begins by presenting data on earnings for male and female workers and by discussing explanations that have been offered for the differences in earnings. It next discusses the major laws directed at eliminating sex-based wage discrimination as well as relevant federal court cases. The report closes with a description of pay equity legislation that has been considered or enacted by Congress in recent years.
Date: May 20, 2016
Creator: Feder, Jody & Collins, Benjamin
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sex Discrimination and the United States Supreme Court: Developments in the Law

Description: This report focuses on sex discrimination challenges based on: the equal protection guarantees of the Fourteenth and Fifth Amendments; the prohibition against employment discrimination contained in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; and the prohibition against sex discrimination in education contained in Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. Although this report focuses on recent legal developments in each of these areas, it also provides historical context by discussing selecte… more
Date: December 30, 2015
Creator: Feder, Jody
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Title IX, Sex Discrimination, and Intercollegiate Athletics: A Legal Overview

Description: This report provides an overview of Title IX in general and the intercollegiate athletics regulations in particular, as well as a summary of the commission’s report and ED’s response and a discussion of legal challenges to the regulations and to the three-part test.
Date: December 7, 2012
Creator: Feder, Jody
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012

Description: This report identifies the names, committee assignments, dates of service, and (for Representatives) congressional districts of the 278 women who have served in Congress. It will be updated when there are relevant changes in the makeup of Congress.
Date: November 26, 2012
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E. & Shogan, Colleen J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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U.S. Efforts to Address Global Violence Against Women

Description: This report briefly examines legislative issues regarding Violence against women, which includes random acts of violence as well as sustained abuse over time, can be physical, psychological, or sexual in nature.
Date: July 30, 2015
Creator: Blanchfield, Luisa
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Diversity, Inclusion, and Equal Opportunity in the Armed Services: Background and Issues for Congress

Description: This report starts by giving an overview of recent research on diversity and organizational management. The next sections outline DOD's military personnel policies, processes and organizational structure for managing diversity, inclusion, and equal opportunity. Finally, the report examines how the concept of diversity and inclusion has evolved over the history of the Armed Forces and addresses some of the current legislative and policy issues related to diversity in the Armed Forces.
Date: December 23, 2015
Creator: Kamarck, Kristy N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in Combat: Issues for Congress

Description: This report looks at the history of women in US military roles and combat since the 1990s. It also discusses critic's views of exclusionary policy as a civil rights issue. Over the past two decades of conflict, women have served with valor and continue to serve on combat aircraft, naval vessels, and in support of ground combat operations. The expansion of roles for women in the armed forces has evolved since the early days of the military when women were restricted by law and policy from servin… more
Date: September 1, 2015
Creator: Kamarck, Kristy N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in Combat: Issues for Congress

Description: This report looks at the history of women in U.S. military roles and combat, and discusses key policy issues for Congress to consider including "gender-neutral" standards and selective service.
Date: August 18, 2015
Creator: Kamarck, Kristy N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in Combat: Issues for Congress

Description: This report looks at the history of women in US military roles and combat since the 1990's. It also discusses critic's views of exclusionary policy as a civil rights issue.
Date: July 14, 2015
Creator: Kamarck, Kristy N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in Congress: Historical Overview, Tables, and Discussion

Description: This report discusses the impact of women in Congress and historical information, such as the number and percentage of women in Congress over time, means of entry to Congress, comparisons to international and state legislatures, records for tenure, firsts for women in Congress, women in leadership, and African-American and Asian-Pacific American women in Congress.
Date: April 29, 2015
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E.; Brudnick, Ida A. & Shogan, Colleen J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in Congress, 1917-2015: Biographical and Committee Assignment Information, and Listings by State and Congress

Description: This report includes biographical information, including the names, committee assignments, dates of service, listings by Congress and state, and (for Representatives) congressional districts of the 313 women who have been elected or appointed to Congress.
Date: April 27, 2015
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E. & Brudnick, Ida A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Violence Against Women Act: History and Federal Funding

Description: This report provides a brief legislative history of Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) and an overview of the crimes addressed through VAWA. The report concludes with a brief description of the most recent reauthorization of VAWA.
Date: February 26, 2010
Creator: Laney, Garrine P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The U.N. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW): Issues in the U.S. Ratification Debate

Description: This report provides an overview of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and describes its background, objectives, and structure, including the role of the Convention's monitoring body, the CEDAW Committee. It examines U.S. policy and issues in the U.S. ratification debate, including the Convention's possible impact on U.S. sovereignty, its effectiveness in combating discrimination, and its role as an instrument of U.S. foreign policy.
Date: May 5, 2010
Creator: Blanchfield, Luisa
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A New United Nations Entity for Women: Issues for Congress

Description: In September 2009, U.N. member states, including the United States, adopted a General Assembly resolution expressing strong support for the consolidation of four U.N. bodies addressing women's issues into one composite entity. This report discusses possible policy issues that may arise as the composite gender entity is established, including its funding mechanisms, the creation of an effective governance structure, the entity's possible impact on U.N. system in-country operational capacity, and… more
Date: May 25, 2010
Creator: Blanchfield, Luisa
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Welfare, Work, and Poverty Status of Female- Headed Families with Children: 1987-2013

Description: The report focuses on welfare dependency and work engagement among single mothers, a major dynamic that welfare reform and accompanying policy changes have attempted to affect. It also examines the role of programs other than Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) in providing support to single female-headed families with children.
Date: November 21, 2014
Creator: Gabe, Thomas
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Membership of the 113th Congress: A Profile

Description: This report presents a profile of the membership of the 113th Congress (2013-2014). Statistical information is included on selected characteristics of Members, including data on party affiliation, average age, occupation, education, length of congressional service, religious affiliation, gender, ethnicity, foreign births, and military service.
Date: November 24, 2014
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Membership of the 113th Congress: A Profile

Description: This report presents a profile of the membership of the 113th Congress (2013-2014). Statistical information is included on selected characteristics of Members, including data on party affiliation, average age, occupation, education, length of congressional service, religious affiliation, gender, ethnicity, foreign births, and military service.
Date: March 14, 2014
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Membership of the 113th Congress: A Profile

Description: This report presents a profile of the membership of the 113th Congress (2013-2014). Statistical information is included on selected characteristics of Members, including data on party affiliation, average age, occupation, education, length of congressional service, religious affiliation, gender, ethnicity, foreign births, and military service.
Date: February 28, 2013
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Women in Combat: Issues for Congress

Description: This report looks at the history of women in US military roles and combat since the 1990's. It also discusses critic's views of exclusionary policy as a civil rights issue.
Date: May 9, 2013
Creator: Burrelli, David F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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