Congressional Research Service Reports - 286 Matching Results
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- Critical Infrastructure and Key Assets: Definition and Identification
- This report reviews the concept and definition of “critical infrastructure” as it has appeared in federal reports, legislation and regulation since the early 1980s. The report highlights the changes and expansion of that definition as the focus of public policy debates shifted from infrastructure adequacy to infrastructure protection. Finally the report summarizes current policy issues associated with critical infrastructure identification by federal agencies and the private sector. The report is intentionally limited to definitional issues and categorization of infrastructure.
- Economic Impact of Infrastructure Investment
- This report provides an overview of the trends surrounding infrastructure investment in the United States and examines the potential impact of additional infrastructure investments on economic output and employment.
- Guarding America: Security Guards and U.S. Critical Infrastructure Protection
- No Description Available.
- Homeland Security: Banking and Financial Infrastructure Continuity
- This report outlines the existing recovery modes to mitigate disasters in financial markets that events have tested in recent experience, and recovery arrangements.
- Homeland Security: Banking and Financial Infrastructure Continuity
- The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has many responsibilities for ensuring the continuity of the “real” economy: production, distribution, and consumption of public and private goods and services. Other agencies, however, have long had similar responsibilities for the “financial” sectors of the economy, which interact with the sectors DHS oversees pursuant to P.L. 107-296. DHS has some responsibilities for financial sectors, directly and through Treasury Department links. Financial agencies carry out recovery and security activities independently but also coordinately with DHS.
- Spinning the Web: The History and Infrastructure of the Internet
- The Internet is an international, cooperative computer "network of networks" that links many types of users, such as governments, schools, libraries, corporations, hospitals, individuals, and others. No single organization owns, manages, or controls the Internet. However, the Internet is not free. The major costs of running the network are shared by its primary users: universities, national laboratories, high-tech corporations, and governments.
- Risk Management and Critical Infrastructure Protection: Assessing, Integrating, and Managing Threats, Vulnerabilities and Consequences
- No Description Available.
- Homeland Security Act of 2002: Critical Infrastructure Information Act
- This report discusses about Critical Infrastructure Information Act of 2002, Protection of Voluntarily shared critical infrastructure information, Congressional Disclosure and other provisions.
- Critical Infrastructures: A Primer
- The nation’s health, wealth, and security rely on the supply and distribution of certain goods and services. The array of physical assets, processes and organizations across which these goods and services move are called critical infrastructures. Computers and communications, themselves critical infrastructures, are increasingly tying these infrastructures together.
- Government Activities to Protect the Electric Grid
- This report provides a description of initiatives within the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the Departments of Energy, Homeland Security, and Defense to protect the physical electrical utility infrastructure from outages caused by a range of activities including system operator errors, weather-related damage, and terrorist attacks. While the electric utility industry has primary responsibility, federal and state government agencies also have been addressing physical security concerns.
- Government Activities to Protect the Electric Grid
- This report provides a description of initiatives within the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the Departments of Energy, Homeland Security, and Defense to protect the physical transmission infrastructure.
- Government Activities to Protect the Electric Grid
- This report provides a description of initiatives within the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the Departments of Energy, Homeland Security, and Defense to protect the physical transmission infrastructure.
- Protecting New Orleans: From Hurricane Barriers to Floodwalls
- No Description Available.
- Critical Infrastructures: What Makes an Infrastructure Critical?
- A fluid definition of what constitutes a critical infrastructure could complicate policymaking and actions. At the very least, a growing list of infrastructures in need of protection will require the federal government to prioritize its efforts. Essentially the federal government will have to try to minimize the impact on the nation’s critical infrastructure of any future terrorist attack, taking into account what those impacts might be and the likelihood of their occurring.
- Vulnerability of Concentrated Critical Infrastructure: Background and Policy Options
- No Description Available.
- Critical Infrastructures: What Makes an Infrastructure Critical?
- A fluid definition of what constitutes a critical infrastructure could complicate policymaking and actions. At the very least, a growing list of infrastructures in need of protection will require the federal government to prioritize its efforts. Essentially the federal government will have to try to minimize the impact on the nation’s critical infrastructure of any future terrorist attack, taking into account what those impacts might be and the likelihood of their occurring.
- Critical Infrastructures: Background, Policy, and Implementation
- No Description Available.
- Critical Infrastructures: Background, Policy, and Implementation
- No Description Available.
- Critical Infrastructures: Background, Policy, and Implementation
- This report discusses in more detail the evolution of a national critical infrastructure policy and the institutional structures established to implement it. The report highlights five issues of Congressional concern: identifying critical assets; assessing vulnerabilities; allocating resources; information sharing; and, regulation. This report provides an historical background and tracks the evolution of such an overall policy and its implementation.
- Critical Infrastructure: Control Systems and the Terrorist Threat
- This report addresses the cyber-vulnerability of critical infrastructures industries which regularly use industrial control systems. This report will specifically discuss the potential for access to industrial control systems through the internet.
- Vulnerability of Concentrated Critical Infrastructure: Background and Policy Options
- Report detailing the vulnerability considerations for the critical infrastructure of the United States, including hazards, natural disasters, market influences, federal policies, and more.
- Critical Infrastructure: The National Asset Database
- The purpose of this report is to discuss the National Asset Database: what is in it, how it is populated, what the Database apparently is, what it is not, and how it is intended to be used. The report also discusses some of the issues on which Congress could focus its oversight, including appropriation bill language.
- Critical Infrastructure Security: CRS Experts
- This report contains a table which provides access to names and contact information for CRS experts on policy concerns relating to critical infrastructure security. Policy areas identified include: mission; security services; and specific sectors: assessing vulnerabilities, planning and implementation.
- 35 Years of Water Policy: The 1973 National Water Commission and Present Challenges
- This report presents the National Water Commission's (NWC) recommendations and analyzes how issues targeted by the recommendations have evolved during the intervening years. The report focuses on key federal-level recommendations, thereby targeting what has been accomplished since 1973, what issues remain unresolved, and what additional concerns have developed.
- How to Find Information in a Library and on the Internet
- No Description Available.
- Critical Infrastructures: Background, Policy, and Implementation
- The Nation's health, wealth, and security rely on the production and distribution of certain goods and services. The array of physical assets, functions, and systems across which these goods and services move are called critical infrastructures. This report discusses in more detail the evolution of a national critical infrastructure policy and the institutional structures established to implement it. The report highlights five issues of Congressional concern: identifying critical assets; assessing vulnerabilities and risks; allocating resources; information sharing; and, regulation.
- Critical Infrastructures: Background, Policy, and Implementation
- The nation's health, wealth, and security rely on the production and distribution of certain goods and services. The array of physical assets, functions, and systems across which these goods and services move are called critical infrastructures. This report discusses in more detail the evolution of a national critical infrastructure policy and the institutional structures established to implement it. The report highlights five issues of Congressional concern: identifying critical assets; assessing vulnerabilities and risks; allocating resources; information sharing; and, regulation.
- Infrastructure Investment and the Federal Government
- This report discusses federal infrastructure investment. The condition and performance of infrastructure are generally thought to be important for the nation's health, welfare, and economy.
- Water Infrastructure Projects Designated in EPA Appropriations: Trends and Policy Implications
- This report discusses appropriations for EPA water infrastructure programs, focusing on congressional special project designations in the account that funds these programs. While some Members of Congress, interest groups, and Administration officials are critical of these types of congressional actions actions, there is little indication that the practice will cease. Information on the programmatic history of EPA involvement in assisting wastewater treatment and drinking water projects also is provided in two appendixes.
- Pipeline Safety: Overdue Statutory Mandates
- This report discusses the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration's (PHMSA) failure to fulfill key mandates of the Pipeline Safety, Regulatory Certainty, and Job Creation Act of 2011 (P.L. 112-90) and the PIPES Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-183).
- Critical Infrastructure Protections: The 9/11 Commission Report and Congressional Response
- This report provides the 9/11 Commission report and Congressional response regarding Critical Infrastructure protections.
- Critical Infrastructure Protections: The 9/11 Commission Report
- No Description Available.
- The First Responder Network and Next-Generation Communications for Public Safety: Issues for Congress
- This report provides information about The Issues for Congress on First Responder Network and Next-Generation Communications for Public Safety. new policy initiatives may be needed to identify critical gaps in communication infrastructure and the means to fund the investments needed to close the gaps.
- Critical Infrastructure Protections: The 9/11 Commission Report and Congressional Response
- No Description Available.
- Critical Infrastructure Resilience: The Evolution of Policy and Programs and Issues for Congress
- This report discusses the concept of resilience in the context of critical infrastructure and homeland security. It also identifies and discusses issues related to the evolution of policy and programs at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) that are meant to, or could, promote the resiliency of the nation's critical infrastructure. The purpose of the report is to aid Congress in its oversight of critical infrastructure programs and activities at DHS.
- Broadband Infrastructure Programs in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
- This report provides information about the Broadband Infrastructure Programs in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Broadband funds are granted by the ARRA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
- Broadband Infrastructure Programs in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
- This report provides information about the Broadband Infrastructure Programs in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Broadband funds are granted by the ARRA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
- Broadband Infrastructure Programs in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
- This report provides information about the Broadband Infrastructure Programs in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Broadband funds are granted by the ARRA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
- Vulnerability of Concentrated Critical Infrastructure: Background and Policy Options
- This report provides an overview of geographic concentration and related vulnerability among critical infrastructures in the United States. The report illustrates the nature of such geographic concentration and how it may expose infrastructures to catastrophic failure due to geographic hazards. It identifies several long-term forces which have contributed to infrastructure concentration. The report concludes with options to address geographic vulnerability in the context of current federal infrastructure policy.
- Broadband Infrastructure Programs in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
- This report provides an introduction to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) and discusses Broadband grants and loans funded by the ARRA.
- Water Infrastructure Funding in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
- This report identifies funding for water infrastructure programs and projects included in the bill.
- Federal Involvement in Flood Response and Flood Infrastructure Repair: Storm Sandy Recovery
- Report regarding congressional efforts to structure federal actions and programs so they provide incentives to reduce flood risk without unduly infringing on private property rights or usurping local decision making.
- Reallocation of Water Storage at Federal Water Projects for Municipal and Industrial Water Supply
- Report that analyzes the legal and policy issues associated with reallocation of water under the Water Supply Act of 1958 (WSA) and industrial (M&I) water supply use at Lake Lanier as an example.
- Aging Infrastructure: Dam Safety
- To help inform discussions on the federal role in dam safety, this report provides background information on the nation’s dam safety activities and funding mechanisms.
- Critical Infrastructures: Background and Early Implementation of PDD-63
- No Description Available.
- How a National Infrastructure Bank Might Work
- This report discusses the national infrastructure and ways to provide low-cost, long-term loans for the propose of increasing federal infrastructure investment.
- Economic Impact of Infrastructure Investment
- This report provides an overview of the trends surrounding infrastructure investment in the United States and examines the potential impact of additional infrastructure investments on economic output and employment.
- Cybersecurity: Critical Infrastructure Authoritative Reports and Resources
- This report provides resources for congressional staff researching cybersecurity issues and critical infrastructure.The annotated descriptions of these sources are listed in reverse chronological order with an emphasis on material published in the past several years.The report includes resources and studies from government agencies (federal, state, local, and international), think tanks, academic institutions, news organizations, and other sources. Table 1 contains overview reports and resources, Table 2 lists energy industry resources, Table 3 lists financial industry resources, Table 4 contains healthcare industry resources, Table 5 contains telecommunications and communication industry resources, and Table 6 contains transportation industry resources.
- High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) and High Power Microwave (HPM) Devices: Threat Assessments
- This report provides information about the Threat Assessments on High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) and High Power Microwave (HPM) Devices that can overload at distant numerous systems.
- Broadband Infrastructure Programs in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
- This report is about Broadband Infrastructure Programs in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.