Congressional Research Service Reports - 334 Matching Results

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Weapons of Mass Destruction: Trade Between North Korea and Pakistan

Description: In October 2002, the United States confronted North Korea about its alleged clandestine uranium enrichment program. Soon after, the Agreed Framework collapsed, North Korea expelled international inspectors, and withdrew from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT). U.S. intelligence officials claimed Pakistan was a key supplier of uranium enrichment technology to North Korea, and some media reports suggested that Pakistan had exchanged centrifuge enrichment technology for North Korean help in… more
Date: November 28, 2006
Creator: Squassoni, Sharon A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Recruiting and Retention: An Overview of FY2005 and FY2006 Results for Active and Reserve Component Enlisted Personnel

Description: This report provides a brief overview of the recruiting and retention rates for Active and Reserve Component enlisted personnel during FY2005 and the first nine months of FY2006. Since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, the U.S. has launched several major military operations which have dramatically increased the operations tempo of the military services, required the large scale mobilization of reservists, and resulted in significant battle casualties. These factors have been particular… more
Date: July 18, 2006
Creator: Kapp, Lawrence
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Military Pay and Benefits: Key Questions and Answers

Description: In the late 1990s, the military services were facing considerable recruiting and career retention problems. In responding, Congress was mindful of how inadequate pay had contributed to decreased recruit quality in the late 1970s. It authorized larger pay raises, increased special pays and bonuses, provided more recruiting resources, and repealed planned military retired pay reductions for future retirees. Debate continues over what kinds of pay and benefit increases are best for improving recru… more
Date: June 1, 2006
Creator: Henning, Charles A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Northern Ireland: The Peace Process

Description: For years, the British and Irish governments have sought to facilitate a peaceful settlement to the conflict in Northern Ireland. After many ups and downs, the two government and the parties participating in the peace talks announced an agreement on April 10, 1998. The implementation of the resulting Good Friday Agreement continues to be difficult. A political stalemate in Northern Ireland since 2002 has halted the peace process and forced London to suspend the devolved government and to resume… more
Date: September 27, 2006
Creator: Archick, Kristin & Morelli, Vince L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Congressional Nominations to U.S. Service Academies: An Overview and Resources for Outreach and Management

Description: This report describes statutory requirements for allocating congressional nominations to service academies. It also identifies the qualifications that must be met by potential nominees, as established by statute and each academy. Finally, sample documents that could be used by congressional offices at various stages of the nomination selection process are included. These documents provide basic information and can be customized to fit the specific needs of individual office policies.
Date: February 21, 2006
Creator: Petersen, R. Eric
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Army Officer Shortages: Background and Issues for Congress

Description: This report assesses the extent of the Army officer shortfall, examines perceived causes, reviews recent retention initiatives, identifies other possible retention incentives, and concludes with a review of possible options for Congress. This report is focused on the Army’s “line” or basic branch officers.
Date: July 5, 2006
Creator: Henning, Charles A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Navy Ship Procurement: Alternative Funding Approaches -- Background and Options for Congress

Description: Some observers have proposed procuring Navy ships using incremental funding or advance appropriations rather than the traditional full funding approach that has been used to procure most Navy ships. Supporters believe these alternative funding approaches could increase stability in Navy shipbuilding plans and perhaps increase the number of Navy ships that could be built for a given total amount of ship-procurement funding. The issue for the 109th Congress is whether to maintain or change curren… more
Date: July 26, 2006
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Global Peace Operations Initiative: Background and Issues for Congress

Description: The Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI), a multilateral, five-year program, promotes the development of an international transportation and logistics support system for peacekeepers, and is encouraging an information exchange to improve international coordination of peace operations training and exercises in Africa. An issue for the second session of the 109th Congress is whether international training efforts through GPOI and its predecessor programs are having the desired effect. Anothe… more
Date: October 3, 2006
Creator: Serafino, Nina M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Globalizing Cooperative Threat Reduction: A Survey of Options

Description: Increasingly, Congress and the Bush Administration are looking to utilize nonproliferation assistance programs, including cooperative threat reduction (CTR), to help reduce the risk of terrorist access to weapons of mass destruction (WMD). This report analyzes the range of possible applications of CTR funds, the kinds of assistance that might be supplied, and describes legal, financial, technical, and political constraints on possible assistance.
Date: October 5, 2006
Creator: Squassoni, Sharon
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Navy Ship Procurement: Alternative Funding Approaches -- Background and Options for Congress

Description: Some observers have proposed procuring Navy ships using incremental funding or advance appropriations rather than the traditional full funding approach that has been used to procure most Navy ships. Supporters believe these alternative funding approaches could increase stability in Navy shipbuilding plans and perhaps increase the number of Navy ships that could be built for a given total amount of ship-procurement funding. The issue for the 109th Congress is whether to maintain or change curren… more
Date: June 20, 2006
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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POWs and MIAs: Status and Accounting Issues

Description: There has been a long-running controversy about the fate of certain U.S. prisoners of war (POWs) and servicemembers missing in action (MIAs) as a result of various U.S. military operations. While few people familiar with the issue feel that any Americans are still being held against their will in communist countries associated with the Cold War, more feel that some may have been so held in the past in the Soviet Union, China, North Korea, or North Vietnam. Similarly, few believe there has been … more
Date: June 1, 2006
Creator: Henning, Charles A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Financing Issues and Economic Effects of American Wars

Description: The increased government outlays associated with wars can be financed in four ways: through higher taxes, reductions in other government spending, government borrowing from the public, or money creation. The first two methods are unlikely to have an effect on economic growth (aggregate demand) in the short run. The latter two methods increase aggregate demand. Thus, a by-product of American wars has typically been a wartime economic boom in excess of the economy's sustainable rate of growth. Th… more
Date: October 6, 2006
Creator: Labonte, Marc
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Use of Federal Troops for Disaster Assistance: Legal Issues

Description: Hurricane Katrina raised questions concerning the President's legal authority to send active duty military forces into a disaster area and the permissible functions the military can perform to protect life and property and maintain order. This report summarizes the possible constitutional and statutory authorities and constraints relevant to the use of armed forces, including National Guard units in federal service, to provide assistance to states when a natural disaster impedes the operation o… more
Date: August 14, 2006
Creator: Elsea, Jennifer K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties

Description: This report presents casualty data compiled by the Department of Defense (DOD), as tallied from the agency’s press releases.
Date: July 9, 2006
Creator: O'Bryant, JoAnne
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties

Description: The following casualty data was compiled by the Department of Defense (DOD), as tallied from the agency's press release. Table 1 provides statistics on fatalities during Operation Iraqi Freedom, which began on March 19, 2003, and is ongoing, as well as on the number of fatalities since May 1, 2003, plus statistics on those wounded, but not killed, since March 19, 2003. A detailed casualty summary that includes data on deaths by cause, as well as statistics on soldiers wounded in action, is avai… more
Date: October 12, 2006
Creator: O'Bryant, JoAnne
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties

Description: This report presents casualty data compiled by the Department of Defense (DOD), as tallied from the agency’s press releases.
Date: July 28, 2006
Creator: O'Bryant, JoAnne
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties

Description: This report presents casualty data compiled by the Department of Defense (DOD), as tallied from the agency’s press releases.
Date: July 13, 2006
Creator: O'Bryant, JoAnne
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties

Description: This report presents casualty data compiled by the Department of Defense (DOD), as tallied from the agency’s press releases.
Date: August 31, 2006
Creator: O'Bryant, JoAnne
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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