Congressional Research Service Reports - 68 Matching Results
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- Abortion Procedures
- This report discusses the Partial-Birth Abortion Act of 1997 (H.R. 1122). The report summarizes the legislation and why President Clinton vetoed it. Moreover, the report includes President Clinton's recommendation to amend the bill for him to pass. The report also suggests that little data has been created on the issue, but that it utilizes what data has been created.
- Abortion Procedures
- The Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 1997, H.R. 1122 was vetoed by President Clinton on October 10, 1997. This legislation would have made it a federal crime, punishable by fine and/or incarceration, for a physician to perform a partial birth abortion unless it was necessary to save the life of a mother whose life is endangered by a physical disorder, illness, or injury. The partial-birth abortion legislation has stimulated a great deal of controversy. This report provides a brief overview of the abortion methods currently in use for which data have been published and some positions on the partial birth abortion legislation.
- Adult Education and Literacy: Current Programs and Legislative Proposals in the 105th Congress
- This report summarizes current programs for adult education and literacy, provides a funding history, and analyzes major provisions of the legislative proposals being considered by the 105th Congress for amending adult education and literacy programs. Specifically, the report examines the provisions of H.R. 1385, the Employment, Training, and Literacy Enhancement Act of 1997, as passed by the House, and H.R. 1385, the Workforce Investment Partnership Act of 1998, as amended by the Senate (originally considered as S. 1186). Key issues include state and local administration issues, comprehensive state plan requirements, integration with other federal training and employment programs, and program performance standards. The report will be updated as legislative action occurs.
- Adult Education and Literacy: Current Programs and Legislative Proposals in the 105th Congress
- This report summarizes current programs for adult education and literacy, provides a funding history, and analyzes major provisions of the legislative proposals being considered by the 105th Congress for amending adult education and literacy programs. Specifically, the report examines the provisions of H.R. 1385, the Employment, Training, and Literacy Enhancement Act of 1997, as passed by the House, and H.R. 1385, the Workforce Investment Partnership Act of 1998, as amended by the Senate (originally considered as S. 1186). Key issues include state and local administration issues, comprehensive state plan requirements, integration with other federal training and employment programs, and program performance standards. The report will be updated as legislative action occurs.
- Alternative Transportation Fuels and Clean Gasoline: Background and Regulatory Issues
- This report discusses legislative initiatives underway to tighten emission standards, produce cleaner cars, and develop alternative fuels, such as clean gasoline, natural gas, ethanol, and electricity. Specifically, the report focuses on the reformulate gasoline (RFG) program and the Energy Policy Act of 1992.
- Alternative Transportation Fuels and Vehicles: Energy, Environment, and Development Issues
- This report reviews several issues relating to alternative fuels and vehicles, mainly to combat dependence on petroleum imports and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The report discusses the advantages and drawbacks of various alternative fuels and vehicles, as well as related legislation.
- Appropriations for FY1998: VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies
- No Description Available.
- Appropriations for FY2000: Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education
- Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress passes each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education.
- Appropriations for FY2000: VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies
- This report discusses Veterans Affairs(VA),Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and several Independent Agencies Appropriations for FY2000.
- The Appropriations Process and the Congressional Budget Act
- This report is a guide on the Appropriations Process and the Congressional Budget Act.
- Capital Gains and Securities Transactions Taxation in Japan: Fact Sheet
- This fact sheet provides information on the taxation of securities transactions and capital gains income in Japan at the national level.
- China and U.S. Missile Defense Proposals: Reactions and Implications
- The Chinese government has strongly criticized U.S. announcements that it will develop or assist in deploying missile defense systems involving cooperation with U.S. allies in East Asia, and reports of such possible U.S. cooperation with Taiwan. For those in the United States, the U.S. plans have many perceived disadvantages and advantages;1 the latter include notably providing degrees of protection for the United States and its allies against ballistic missile attack. Many in China believe that proposed U.S. development and deployment of ballistic missile defenses at home and in East Asia pose potentially serious complications for China’s ability to use its nuclear weapons to deter possible U.S. pressure and aggression, and to use Chinese ballistic missile capability to exert leverage over Japan, Taiwan, and others in East Asia.
- China, Congress, and Sanctions - Findings of a Workshop-Seminar
- The People's Republic of China (PRC)'s provocative use of military force in the Taiwan Strait has appeared to subside, but not before convincing many in the Congress that the PRC regime continues to flout international norms sensitive to the United States. In addition to challenging stability in the Taiwan Strait, the PRC is seen recently to undermine important U.S. interests regarding nuclear proliferation, intellectual property rights, and missile proliferation. As a result, many in the Congress are pressing for actions -- including economic and other sanctions
- Commerce Clause Issues in Brzonkala v. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- No Description Available.
- Comparison of Securities Litigation Reform Bills Passed by the House and the Senate
- No Description Available.
- Conventional Arms Transfers: President Clinton's Policy Directive
- President Clinton released details of his Conventional Arms Transfer Policy on February 17, 1995, which are embodied in Presidential Decision Directive 34 (PDD-34). The President's action followed several months of internal debate and discussion by the Clinton Administration, the first detailed examination of conventional arms transfer policy since the Cold War's end.
- Cooperative Research and Development Agreements
- A Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) is a mechanism established by P.L. 99-602, the Federal Technology Transfer Act, to allow the transfer of technology, knowledge, and expertise from government laboratories to the private sector for further development and commercialization. The government provides support in the way of overhead for research and development performed in the federal laboratory and is prohibited from providing funding directly to the partner in the collaborative effort. Currently, more than 5,000 CRADAs have been signed. As the 105th Congress determines its approach to science and technology policies, the role of CRADAs continues to be debated within the context of federal support for R&D
- Dairy Provisions of the Enacted 1996 Farm Bill
- No Description Available.
- Department of Energy: Programs and Reorganization Proposals
- This report, a revision of an earlier CRS review of DOE programs, consists of an introductory discussion of the agency and its mission as a whole, and a description of its major programs as independent entities. Many of DOE's original energy-related missions have disappeared or changed radically. In addition, with the end of the Cold War, DOE's nuclear weapons-related programs, almost two-thirds of the total budget, are undergoing modification. However, regardless of the outcome of the debate on DOE's future, many of its present functions will continue in one location or another.
- The Difference Between DOD Programs That Develop Dual-Use Technologies and DOD’s Dual-Use Technology Development Programs–A Fact Sheet
- No Description Available.
- Effects of Flat Taxes and Other Proposals on Housing: An Overview
- Studies have estimated that some of these revisions would cause a decline in demand for houses and significant reduction in house prices--perhaps in excess of 15 percent. These studies, however, presumed a fixed supply of housing; even a limited supply response would greatly decrease predicted asset price effects. Supply response is likely to be large in the long run and not insignificant in the short run. Effects on housing demand might also be mitigated by increases in savings rates and lower interest rates. Thus, effects of the flat tax on housing prices are likely to be limited in the short run and very small in the long run. Rental housing demand, on the other hand, would be encouraged with a shift to a consumption tax base.
- Electricity Restructuring: Comparison of S. 1401, H.R. 655, H.R. 1230, S. 722, and H.R. 1960
- No Description Available.
- Fast-Track Trade Authority Proposals: Which Environmental Issues are Included in the Principal Negotiating Objectives?
- This report discusses fast-track negotiating authority, which provides that Congress will consider trade agreements within mandatory deadlines, with limited debate, and without amendment. Environmental provisions are eligible for the fast-track procedure only if they meet at least one of the principal trade negotiating objectives.
- Federal R&D Funding Trends In Five Agencies: NSF, NASA, NIST, DOE (Civilian) and NOAA
- This report includes a brief analysis of federal research and development funding trends for the past six years as well as R&D funding projects to FY2000.
- Goals 2000: Educate America Act Implementation Status and Issues
- No Description Available.
- Goals 2000: Educate America Act Implementation Status and Issues
- Congressional Research Service (CRS) report entailing information about the implementation status and issues in regards to the Educate America Act within Goals 2000. Goals 2000 was an education reform framework enacted in 1994, and this report addresses and assesses the effectiveness and efficacy of Goals 2000 as of the year 1998.
- Government Performance and Results Act and the Appropriations Process
- Currently, congressional appropriations decisions for an agency or program are based generally on the following three factors: the amount of funding provided previously, the President's request, and the policy preferences of Congress. The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA, or the Results Act)(1) is intended to add a significant new factor--the performance of agencies in achieving their program goals.
- Government Performance and Results Act: Proposed Amendments (H.R. 2883)
- No Description Available.
- Government Performance and Results Act: Proposed Amendments (H.R. 2883)
- The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (107 Stat. 285), referred to alternatively as GPRA or the Results Act, seeks to encourage greater efficiency, effectiveness and accountability in federal spending by requiring agencies to develop strategic plans and performance measures, and to prepare annual performance plans and reports. GPRA supplements a number of other budget, accounting, and financial management laws designed to upgrade existing procedures or to provide new mechanisms for managing government operations and improving accountability
- Great Lakes Water Quality: Current Issues
- This is a html page with a report on the great lakes water quality.
- Indian and Pakistani Nuclear Tests? Potential Test Ban Risks and Technical Benefits
- No Description Available.
- Instances of Use of United States Armed Forces Abroad, 1798-1999
- No Description Available.
- Intellectual Property Protection for Databases at the International Level: Copyright and Sui Generis Forms of Protection
- No Description Available.
- Iraqi Chemical and Biological Weapons (CBW) Capabilities
- Report on the weapon capabilities of Iraq, specifically on chemical and biological weapons.
- Iraqi Chemical & Biological Weapons (CBW) Capabilities
- No Description Available.
- Israeli-Palestinian Agreement
- On August 27, 1993, Israel and the Palestinians announced that Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres and Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) official Mahmoud Abbas (also known as Abu Mazen) had initialed a landmark agreement on August 19 in Oslo, Norway on a Declaration of Principles on interim self-government for the West Bank and Gaza Strip. On September 9, PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin exchanged letters unprecedented mutual recognition. On September 10, President Clinton welcomed the agreement, thanked Congress for its support, and announced that the United States would resume its dialog with the PLO. The Declaration was signed at the White House on September 13. This report provides summaries of the Declaration and the letters.
- Israeli-Turkish Relations. July 1998
- This report provides an overview of unprecedented developments in the relations between two important U.S. allies, Israel and Turkey.
- JUSTICE DEPARTMENT ETHICS AND THE MCDADE-MURTHA CITIZENS PROTECTION ACT
- No Description Available.
- Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act of 1992 : Summary of Major Provisions
- No Description Available.
- Leaking Underground Storage Tank Cleanup Issues
- Nationwide, more than 370,000 leaks from underground storage tanks (USTs) have been detected, and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) projects that many more could be confirmed as older tanks are upgraded, replaced, or closed to meet regulations that went into effect on December 22, 1998.
- Letter Regarding Rule 4.7(a): Request to Treat Investor as Qualfied Eligible Participant
- No Description Available.
- The Level of Taxes in the United States, 1940-1997
- No Description Available.
- The Level of Taxes in the United States, 1940-1997
- No Description Available.
- Membership of the 105th Congress: A Profile
- No Description Available.
- NATO: Article V and Collective Defense
- No Description Available.
- NATO: Article V and Collective Defense
- Article V of the North Atlantic Treaty does not guarantee the use of force to assist an ally under attack. Nonetheless, the U.S. pledge to assist an ally under attack has been the core of the alliance. Despite growing political functions, the NATO views collective defense, and not collective security, as its core function.
- Nuclear Weapons Production Complex: Environmental Compliance and Waste Management
- The aging nuclear weapons production complex, managed by the Department of Energy (DOE), faces enormous environmental and waste management problems. Several hundred billion dollars may be needed to clean up leaking waste pits, groundwater contamination, growing accumulations of radioactive waste, and uncontrolled liquid discharges at DOE facilities. DOE's cleanup program is carried out by the Office of Environmental Management (EM). Cleanup funding escalated rapidly after the end of the Cold War, although it has plateaued at about $6 billion per year under the Clinton Administration.
- THE PERSIAN GULF: ISSUES FOR U.S. POLICY, 1999
- No Description Available.
- Private Mortgage Insurance: Cancellation Options
- No Description Available.
- Private Mortgage Insurance: Cancellation Options
- No Description Available.