Correctional Populations in the United States, 2011 Page: 4 of 10
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Fewer probationers during 2011
accounted for most of the decline in
the correctional population
The probation population (57%)
represented the largest component of
the correctional population at yearend
2011, relatively consistent since 1980
(61%) (table 3). About 81,800 fewer
offenders were on probation at the end
of 2011, accounting for most (83%)
of the decline in the correctional
population during the year.
The drop in the number of prisoners
held in the custody of state and federal
prisons (down 17,300) during 2011
represented about 18% of the decline
in the correctional population, while
the decrease in the number of local
jail inmates (down 13,100) accounted
for about 13%. The parole population
(up 13,300) was the only correctional
population to increase during 2011,
partially offsetting the decline in the total
correctional population during the year.TABLE 3
Adult correctional population, by correctional status, 2011
Population change, 2011
Population, Percent of
Correctional populations 12/31/2011 Percent of total Number total decline
Total 6,977,700 100% -98,900 100%
Probation' 3,971,319 56.9% -81,796 82.7%
Parole 853,852 12.2 13,254 -13.4
Prison 1,504,150 21.6 -17,264 17.5
Local jail 735,601 10.5 -13,127 13.3
Multiple correctional status 87,200
Note: Estimates were rounded to the nearest 100. Details may not sum to totals due to rounding.
:Not calculated.
aEquals the sum of each correctional population and excludes the number of offenders with multiple correctional
statuses. Change equals the sum of the change for each correctional population. See Methodology.
bChange equals the difference between the January 1 and December 31, 2011, populations.
cCustody prison population as of December 31. See the text box on page 2 for a discussion of the difference
between the custody and jurisdiction prison populations. Change equals the difference between the December 31
custody prison populations for 2010 and 2011.
dPopulation is as of the last weekday in June. Change equals the difference between the populations on the last
weekday in June 2010 and 2011.
eSome probationers and parolees on December 31, 2011, were held in a prison or jail but still remained under the
jurisdiction of a probation or parole agency and were excluded from the total correctional population to avoid
double counting. See table 4 and Methodology.
Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Annual Probation Survey, Annual Parole Survey, Annual Survey of Jails, and
National Prisoner Statistics Program, 2011.CORRECTIONAL POPULATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES, 2011 I NOVEMBER 2012
4
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Glaze, Lauren E. & Parks, Erika. Correctional Populations in the United States, 2011, text, November 2012; (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc949038/m1/4/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.