Review of Top Quark Properties Measurements at the Tevatron Page: 2 of 190
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Contents
1 Introduction 2
2 The Standard Model and the Top Quark 4
3 Production and Decay of Top Quarks 12
4 Experimental Setup 31
5 Measurements of Top Quark Production 48
6 Measurements of Top Quark Decay Properties 98
7 Top Quark Properties 119
8 Summary 138
References 141
1 Introduction
The existence of a third and most massive generation of fundamental fermions
was unveiled first in 1975 with the discovery of the T lepton at SLAC-LBL [1].
In 1977, the discovery of the bottom quark [2] at Fermilab extended the
knowledge of a third generation into the quark sector and immediately raised
the question of the existence of the top quark as the weak isospin partner of
the bottom quark.
The Standard Model of elementary particle physics both required the ex-
istence of the top quark to remain self consistent and via electroweak preci-
sion measurements allowed increasingly precise predictions of properties like
its mass. The top quark's large mass prevented its discovery for almost two
decades and by 1994 was indirectly constrained to be 178 + 11 +19 GeV/c2 [3].
After mounting experimental evidence [4-9] the top quark was finally discov-
ered in 1995 at Fermilab by the CDF and DO collaborations [10, 11] in the
mass range predicted by the Standard Model, demonstrating its predictive
power and completing the Standard Model quark sector.
By now, the mass of the top quark has been measured to be 172.4 + 1.2
GeV/c2 [12], marking the most precisely measured quark mass and the most
massive fundamental particle known to date. Consequently, the lifetime of
the top quark of approximately 5.10-25 s is extremely short so it decays before
hadronising. This makes it the only quark to not form any bound states,2
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Pleier, Marc-Andre. Review of Top Quark Properties Measurements at the Tevatron, article, October 1, 2008; Batavia, Illinois. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc895602/m1/2/: accessed March 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.