X-ray Diffraction Techniques for Structural Determination of Amorphous Materials Page: 3 of 30
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X-ray Diffraction Techniques for Structural Determination of
Amorphous Materials *.
C.K. Saw, T. Lian, S. D. Day and J. C. Farmer
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
I. SUMMARY
Prevention of corrosion is a vital goal for the Department of Defense when billions of
dollars are spent every year. Corrosion resistant materials have applications in all sort of
military vehicles, and more importantly in naval vessels and submarines which come in
contact with the seawater. An important application of the corrosion resistant material is
in the radioactive waste disposable field where the vessels or containers are expected to
hold the radioactive toxic materials for thousands of years to surpass the half life of the
radiation. It has been known that corrosion resistance can be improved by the used of
structurally designed materials in the amorphous state where the atoms are arranged in a
non-periodic conditions, even though, some local chemical short range ordering may
occur in the amorphous arrangement. On the other hand, the final material can also be
elementally tailored to specific application. This work documents in details the
characterization effort for the amorphous materials using x-ray diffraction technique as
part of the High Performance Corrosion-Resistant Material - Structural Amorphous Metal
(HPCRM-SAM) program here at LLNL. The samples are in the form of powders, ribbons
and coatings deposited onto parts. Some brief theoretical background is given in order to
interpret the results, instrumentation will also be described. The results suggest that the
formation of amorphous phase in the metal alloys powders greatly depends on the
processing conditions. In most of the powders, especially lot #06, the result indicates that
the materials are amorphous with a very small amount of iron boron alloy. In the ribbon
samples, all the samples and of different compositions as well are observed to be
amorphous. In most cases, starting from an amorphous powder sample, the coatings are
also observed to be amorphous with a small amount of iron oxide, probably due to
exposure to air during the thermal spraying process.
*Work was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Defense Science
Office (DSO), and the United States Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science and Technology
International (OSTI). This work was done under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory (LLNL) under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-48.
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Saw, C K; Lian, T; Day, S D & Farmer, J C. X-ray Diffraction Techniques for Structural Determination of Amorphous Materials, report, October 16, 2006; Livermore, California. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc889239/m1/3/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.