Studies of Scale Formation and Kinetics of Crofer 22 APU and Haynes 230 in Carbon Oxide-Containing Environment for SOFC Applications Page: 2 of 4
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Ziomek-Moroz et al.
3.00E-07
^ 2.50E-07
vE
2.00E-07
1.50E-07 Crofer 22APU
Haynes 230
1.00E-07-
35.00E-08-
0.00E+00
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Time (hours)
Fig. 1. (Mass change/area)2 versus exposure time for samples oxidized in CO at 750C.
Figure 2 shows an SEM (secondary electrons) micrograph of the scale formed on the Haynes 230
sample exposed to the CO atmosphere for 800 h at 7500C.
NEL-RC tE 2{k XAV0 1 ?nmW4.m
Fig. 2.SEM (backscattered electron) micrograph of Haynes 230 after exposure to CO for
800h at 7500C.
The surface is covered with coarse and fine grains connected by thin carbon filaments.
Similar filaments were observed on other metallic materials exposed to carbon oxide-containing
atmospheres.2-4 The crystalline phases determined by XRD in the scale formed are a MCr2O4 - like
phase and (Cr, Fe)2O3-like phase. In addition to XRD, the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)
analysis was performed in different locations of the sample surface. In some areas, high
concentrations of carbon (~31at%) were detected along with chromium (-39 at%) and oxygen
(~27at%). This indicates carbon deposition onto chromium oxide. In other areas, low
concentrations of carbon were detected (-5-7 at%) in comparison to high concentrations of Cr
(42at.%) and oxygen (-49at%). Examples of the elemental distributions of carbon, oxygen, and
oxygen in the scale by ED S are shown in Figure 3.
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Ziomek-Moroz, M.; Covino, B. S., Jr.; Holcomb, G. R.; Bullard, S. J. & Penner, L. R. Studies of Scale Formation and Kinetics of Crofer 22 APU and Haynes 230 in Carbon Oxide-Containing Environment for SOFC Applications, article, January 1, 2006; (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc889070/m1/2/: accessed April 23, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.