An Investigation to Resolve the Interaction Between Fuel Cell, Power Conditioning System and Application Loads Page: 3 of 242
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CONTENTS
1. LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... 5
2. LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................10
3. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................11
4. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................15
5. MODELING, ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATIONS ............... 20
5.1 COMPONENT AND SYSTEM MODELING......................................................................................................................20
5.1.1 SOFC Stack Subsystem (SOFCSS) Model ....................................................................................................... 21
5.1.1.1 TSOFC Model............................................................................................................................................................... 22
5.1.1.2 PSOFC Model ............................................................................................................................................................... 33
5.1.2 PE S Model ....................................................................................................................................................... 39
5.1.2.1 Environment for PES Model Development................................................................................................................... 42
5.1.2.2 PES Topologies ............................................................................................................................................................. 43
5.1.3 BOPS M odeling ............................................................................................................................................... 47
5.1.3.1 Fuel Processing Subsystem (FPS) ................................................................................................................................. 49
5.1.3.2 Thermal Management Subsystem (TMS) and Work Recovery and Air Supply Subsystem (WRAS)............ 49
5.1.3.3 BOPS Model Description.............................................................................................................................................. 50
5.1.3.4 Reduced Order Model ................................................................................................................................................... 55
5.1.4 Comprehensive System Modeling .................................................................................................................... 60
5.1.4.1 Comprehensive System Model and Methodology on Multi-software Platform............................................................. 60
5.1.4.2 Low-cost System Modeling Framework........................................................................................................................ 62
5.1.4.3 M odeling Approaches to Resolve Effect of M ultiple Tim e Scales............................................................................ 63
5.2 SYSTEM -INTERACTION A NALYSIS .............................................................................................................................67
5.2.1 Effects of PES and A L on SOFC Stack ............................................................................................................ 67
5.2.1.1 Effects of AL ................................................................................................................................................................. 68
5.2.1.2 Effects of PES ............................................................................................................................................................... 80
5.3 EXPERIMENTAL WORK..............................................................................................................................................82
5.3.1 Experim ental Prototype D esign of the R ipple Elim inating PES ................................................................... 82
5.3.1.1 Zero-ripple Boost Converter (ZRBC)............................................................................................................................ 82
5.3.1.2 High Frequency (HF) Inverter....................................................................................................................................... 84
5.3.1.4 AC-AC Converter.......................................................................................................................................................... 85
5.3.2 Experimental Stac k Prototype ......................................................................................................................... 91
5.3.2.1 Stack Construction ........................................................................................................................................................ 91
5.3.3 Validation of PES Feedbacks on PSOFCS...................................................................................................... 93
5.3.3.1 Characterization of the PSOFC Stack............................................................................................................................ 95
5.3.3.2 Study of Load Transient ................................................................................................................................................ 95
5.3.3.3 Low-frequency Ripple Study......................................................................................................................................... 95
5.3.3.4 Stack Impedance Measurement..................................................................................................................................... 95
5.3.4 Long-term D graduation Study ......................................................................................................................... 97
5.3.4.1 Long-term Effect of Ripple ........................................................................................................................................... 97
5.3.4.2 Long-term Effect of Load-transient............................................................................................................................... 97
5.4 CONTROL DESIGN AND PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION ...............................................................................................99
5.4.1 Design of Power Management Control ........................................................................................................... 99
5.4.1.1 Control Objectives....................................................................................................................................................... 100
5.4.1.2 Control Architecture.................................................................................................................................................... 101
5.4.1.3 Proposed Topology...................................................................................................................................................... 102
5.4.2 BOPS Control Design.................................................................................................................................... 106
5.4.2.1 Control Objectives....................................................................................................................................................... 106
5.4.2.2 Control Parameters and Control-variable Set Definitions ........................................................................................... 107
5.4.2.3 Fuel and Energy Buffering .......................................................................................................................................... 107
5.4.2.4 Control Laws and Strategies........................................................................................................................................ 108
5.4.3 Param etric Optim ization of BOPS ................................................................................................................ 111
5.4.3.1 System-level Dynamic Synthesis/Design Optimization Problem Definition............................................................... 111
5.4.3.2 Decomposition and Coupling Function Definitions .................................................................................................... 114
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Mazumder, Sudip K. An Investigation to Resolve the Interaction Between Fuel Cell, Power Conditioning System and Application Loads, report, December 31, 2005; United States. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc883985/m1/3/: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.