Interaction of Actinide Species with Microorganisms & Microbial Chelators: Cellular Uptake, Toxicity, & Implications for Bioremediation of Soil & Ground Water. Page: 3 of 12
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mechanisms each microorganism uses to protect against toxicity (Efflux pumps, Exporters, blocking
uptake, internal/external precipitation, methylation for Hg - are the most common ways bacteria
mediate toxicity). Fe, Pu, U, and Al were generally least toxic metals. For most bacteria, Pu & U
contamination is unlikely to be a problem for bioremediation compared to other metals present at
contaminated sites. Pu is less toxic than U in most bacteria tested. However, for S. putrifacens, we
found a Pu(VI) toxicity of 6 mM (compared to 4.2-5 mM for D.rad), while it can grow in 10mM U,
using U as its terminal electron acceptor (see research plan for more details on these results).
We have also begun to compare our results on these solution toxicity tests to "zone of
inhibition" toxicity tests, which will allow us to examine more actinides and actinide species. Our
results show the same order of toxicity as we observed in solution studies, showing that these studies
give us qualitatively the same results . We will soon expand these studies to actinide species and
actinide/metal or organic co-contaminant systems, for example: Pu(VI), Pu(V), Pu(IV), Pu(III)
toxicity comparisons, Pu-chelators (NTA, EDTA, siderophore, nitrate) comparisons.Table 1: B. licheniformis Solution Toxicity
Metal ]ppm
Cd(JI) 4-6 36-53
Co(II) 20-30 340 - 510
Zn(II) 50 760
CrO42- 40 770
AsO0- 50-100 670-1300
150- 2400-
Cu(II) 200 3100
Ni(II) 200 3400
Table 2: P. putida Solution Toxicity
Metal Lppm M I -
(II) 1-3 17-50
Co(II) 2-4 34 - 67
Pb(Acetate) 7.5-10 36 - 48
Cu(II) 5 80
Cr02- 4-5 77 - 96
Cd(JI) 30-40 260-350
23U(VI)(Cit-) 300-400 1300-1700
Zn(II) 120-300 1800-4600
239Pu(IV)(Cit-) >870 >3600
Al(III)(Cit-) >1620 >60000
AsO- 6000 80000
Fe(III)(Cit-) 11000 200000
Table 3: D. radiodurans Solution Toxicity
Metal ppm 4M
Cd(JI) 0.1-0.2 0.9-1.8
Pb(Acetate) 5-10 24-48
Co(II) 2.5-5 42-85
Cr042 2.5-5 48-96
Zn(II) 5-10 76-150
Cu(II) 20-30 320-470
AsO43- 30 400
Ni(II) 60-70 1000-1200
237Np(V)- 260-380 1100-1600
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Hakim Boukhalfa Mary, P. Neu Alvin Crumbliss. Interaction of Actinide Species with Microorganisms & Microbial Chelators: Cellular Uptake, Toxicity, & Implications for Bioremediation of Soil & Ground Water., report, March 28, 2006; United States. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc877623/m1/3/?rotate=270: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.