TEST PROGRAM FOR ALUMINA REMOVAL AND SODIUM HYDROXIDE REGENERATION FROM HANFORD WASTE BY LITHIUM HYDROTALCITE PRECIPITATION Page: 37 of 103
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RPP-43328, Rev. 0
The extent of decontamination for a perfectly-mixed system is represented graphically in the figure
below.
Figure 10. Interstitial Decontamination Curves
INTERSTITAL DECONTAMINATION10E-02 -
10E-03 - --
1 0E-04 -- ..
L TTE-07
W/L - WASH TO INT ERSTITIAL LIQUOR RATIO1 STAGE
-2 STAGES
STAGES
-4 STAGES
5 STAGES
6 STAGESFrom the calculation, increasing wash volume, decreasing interstitial liquor, and/or increasing the
number of wash increments increases the extent of decontamination of the filter cake for perfectly
mixed slurry. Each of these factors will be discussed in turn.
1. Wash Volume
In prior experiments, it was found that the extent of cesium decontamination was
directly proportional to the water wash volume. This indicates that cesium is not
included in the hydrotalcite crystal lattice, and decontamination of soluble species in
interstitial liquor occurs by dilution and displacement of contaminated liquor by fresh
water.
In the tests, the cesium-133 concentration was reduced below the detection limit of
the analysis. However, sodium or other soluble ions may be used as surrogates for
cesium because water-soluble ions are washed from the cake in the same proportion
as cesium.(Cs;,/Csot) = (Nain/NaNut)
[14]
Using large wash volumes (4L H20/1L Simulant) is a workable solution to obtain the
required Cs DF. However, a large wash volume increases equipment size, and an
optimum combination of wash volume, residual liquor, and number of wash
increments may be found to reduce equipment size and/or processing time.
2. Cake Liquor
In prior testing using vacuum filtration, the washed filter cake retained approximately
50% water. In centrifuge testing, the cake retained approximately 45% moisture.
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TL, SAMS & D, GEINESSE. TEST PROGRAM FOR ALUMINA REMOVAL AND SODIUM HYDROXIDE REGENERATION FROM HANFORD WASTE BY LITHIUM HYDROTALCITE PRECIPITATION, report, January 28, 2011; Richland, Washington. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc836210/m1/37/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.