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246
BOICE ET AL.
TABLE 1
Characteristics of Rocketdyne Workers Who Were Monitored for External and/or Internal Radiation and Non-
monitored Workers, Followed 1948-2008
Any external (n = 5,743) Any internal (n = 2,232) Total monitored (n = 5,801) Total non-monitored (n = 41,169)
Characteristic n % n % n % n %
Sex
Male
Female
Race
White
Non-white
Missing
Pay type
Hourly
Salary
5,281
462
4,651
335
757
3,243
2,500
92.0
8.0
81.0
5.8
13.2
56.5
43.5
2,149
83
1,754
130
348
1,398
834
96.3
3.7
78.6
5.8
15.6
62.6
37.4
5,335
466
4,695
340
766
3,285
2,516
92.0
8.0
80.9
5.8
13.2
56.6
43.4
31,677
9,492
31,113
3,410
6,646
26,135
15,034
76.9
23.1
75.6
8.3
16.1
63.5
36.5
Radiation monitoring elsewhere
Before
Rocketdyne
After
Rocketdyne
Year of birth
<1920
1920-1929
1930-1939
1940-1949
1950-1959
1960
Year of hire
<1948
1948-1959
1960-1969
1970-1979
1980-1989
1990
Years of follow-up
<1
1-4
5-9
10-14
20-29
30-39
40-49
50
930 16.2
1,219
930
1,657
1,689
755
524
188
98
2,461
1,934
598
586
66
67
108
135
736
1,135
1,055
2,104
403
Vital status as of 12/31/2008
Alive'
Dead
Lost to follow-up
Total
3,278
2,354
111
5,743
21.2
16.2
28.9
29.4
13.1
9.1
3.3
1.7
42.9
33.7
10.4
10.2
1.1
1.2
1.9
2.4
12.8
19.8
18.4
36.6
7.0
57.1
41.0
1.9
572 25.6
499 22.4
348
582
692
384
192
34
21
850
935
307
110
9
8
15
41
186
397
511
946
128
1,283
943
6
2,232
15.6
26.1
31.0
17.2
8.6
1.5
0.9
38.1
41.9
13.8
4.9
0.4
0.4
0.7
1.8
8.3
17.8
22.9
42.4
5.7
57.5
42.3
0.3
932 16.1
1,224
937
1,670
1,701
769
534
190
98
2,471
1,963
607
595
67
68
108
136
743
1,149
1,068
2,124
405
3,307
2,382
112
5,801
21.1
16.2
28.8
29.3
13.3
9.2
3.3
1.7
42.6
33.8
10.5
10.3
1.2
1.2
1.9
2.3
12.8
19.8
18.4
36.6
7.0
57.0
41.1
1.9
a 3.6% of the non-radiation workers had been monitored elsewhere.
b The 37 workers who died outside the U.S. were counted as alive until the last date they were known to reside in the U.S.
workers, SSA files and other sources confirmed that 3,307 workers Dose Reconstruction
(57.0%) were alive in 2008 (Table 1). An additional 914 deaths (38.4%
of the updated total of 2,382) were identified, and cause of death was A comprehensive approach to estimating doses received by
determined for all but 36 (1.5%). There were 112 (1.9%) workers Rocketdyne employees has been described (5). Briefly, lifetime
without an SSA, California mortality or NDI match who were assumed occupational doses from all places of employment were sought, and
alive up until their date of last employment at Rocketdyne. radiation doses from intakes of 14 different radionuclides were
Comparable tracing results were found for the non-radiation workers, calculated for 16 organs or tissues using current biokinetic models of
although there were fewer deaths proportionally in this younger cohort. the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) or
6,247
8,179
9,942
7,883
5,521
3,397
1,029
11,961
13,854
4,171
8,386
1,768
117
370
955
5,149
10,710
6,911
13,132
3,825
26,127
14,854
188
41,169
15.2
19.9
24.2
19.2
13.4
8.3
2.5
29.1
33.7
10.1
20.4
4.3
0.3
0.9
2.3
12.5
26.0
16.8
31.9
9.3
63.5
36.1
0.5
