Communism in China Page: 3
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Seafarers from Portugal, Spain, England, and
other Western countries traveled to China in search
of oriental commodities. Trade grew with Russia
across the long northern land MM*r, and much
latar, after the American Revolution, ships
began plying to Canton.I
The newcomers ware little better than pirates and did not
inspire the Chinese with very Mash confidence in them*
were net only sharp traders, but some of them would seize
tewitepy if they sould. Thus began, the era of commercial
expansion.
China had a period of glory from the sixteenth to the
nineteenth century. The Chinese
. , .. called their land "the Middle Kingdom," that la,
the canter of the world. They considered it superior
to all. other countries. For many centuries China's
neighbors in Asia, from Saraa to Korea, had copied
and learned from Chinese culture. Not unnaturally,
China leaked down en the unfamiliar Westerners as it
did an the familiar Asiatic peoples,
As a matter of fast, the Chinese war# not alone
in holding a high opinion of their society. Es-
pecially from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century
many Europeans fully agreed with them, Voltaire
praised the spirit of religions tolerance in China,
contracting it with the intolerance of Europe. Chi-
nese tea, incaAse, art objects, silks, playing cards,
lacquer-ware, sedan chairs, and calling cards ware
introduced into the West.
At the end of the eighteenth century no other
empire could rival China in population or size. .The
Chinese Empire included the eighteen provinces of
China proper (from Yunnan and g#eehwan in the south
and west to the 1,500-mile-long Great Wall in the
north) and spilled across the frontier area of Tibet,
Sinkiang, Mongolia, and Manchuria. On the remote
fringes lay Nepal, Burma, Sian, Annan, Laos, the Liu
C^iF (Ryukyu) Islands, and Korea, all paying tribute
to the imperial court at Peking as diplomatic vassals
of China.
3
Lawrence K. Bosinger, Forging a Hew China, p. 4.
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Dickie, Alex, Jr. Communism in China, thesis, 1949; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc83480/m1/8/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .