D0 Silicon Upgrade: Commissioning Test Results for D-Zero's Helium Refrigerator Page: 2 of 29
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TEST OBJECTIVES
1. Make liquid helium and measure refrigerator capacity.
2. Measure liquid helium dewar heat leak, transfer line heat leak, and liquid
nitrogen consumption rates.
3. Operate all cryogenic transfer lines.
4. Get some running time on all components.
5. Debug mechanical components, instrumentation, DMACs user interface,
tune loops, and otherwise shake out any problems.
6. Get some operating time in to get familiar with system behavior.
7. Revise and/or improve operating procedures to actual practice.
8. Identify areas for future improvement.
SUMMARY OF RESULTS
D-Zero's stand alone helium refrigerator (STAR) liquified helium at a rate of
114 L/hr. This is consistent with other STAR installations. Refrigeration
capacity was not measured due to lack of a calibrated heat load.
Measured heat leaks were within design values. The helium dewar loss was
measured at 2 to 4 watts or 9% per day, the solenoid and VLPC helium transfer
lines had a heat leak of about 20 watts each. The liquid nitrogen consumption
rates of the mobile purifier, STAR, and LN2 subcooler were measured at 20 gph,
20 to 64 gph, and 3 gph respectively.
All cryogenic transfer lines including the solenoid and visible light photon
counter (VLPC) transfer lines were cooled to their cryogenic operating
temperatures. This included independent cooling of nitrogen shields and
liquid helium components. No major problems were observed.
The system ran quite well. Many problems were identified and corrected as
they came up. Areas for improvement were noted and will be implemented in
the future. The instrumentation and control system operated commendably
during the test. The commissioning test run was a worthwhile and successful
venture.
DETAILS
Cool down
The system was cooled from room temperature to liquid helium production
temperatures in 34 hours.
Cool down was initiated on Monday June 9 at 10:30. Gaseous helium (GHe) flow
was heat exchanged with LN2 in HTX 1, flowed through the helium dewar, west
VLPC transfer line, and was returned directly to suction. For the first four
hours, a secondary cool down flow on the shell side of the heat exchanger was
also used. GHe flowed through the external GHe to LN2 cooldown heat
exchanger, through the east VLPC transfer line and then through the shell
side of the heat exchanger back to suction. By 17:00 that evening the gas2
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Rucinski, Russ. D0 Silicon Upgrade: Commissioning Test Results for D-Zero's Helium Refrigerator, report, June 30, 1997; Batavia, Illinois. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc834154/m1/2/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.