Iran Sanctions. May 2013 Page: 4 of 82
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Iran Sanctions
Contents
O verview and O bjectives...................................................................................................... . . . . 1
Energy Sector Sanctions: The Iran Sanctions Act (ISA) and Related Laws and Executive
Orders ........................................................................................................................................... 1
The Iran Sanctions Act and Amendments............................................................................. 2
Key "Triggers"....................................................................................................................2
Mandate and Time Frame to Investigate ISA Violations................................................ 6
A vailable Sanctions U nder ISA ...................................................................................... 7
Waivers, Exemptions, and Termination Authority .......................................................... 8
Term ination R equirem ents .............................................................................................. . 9
S u n set P rov ision s ..................................................................................................... . . . . 9
Clarification of Responsibilities: Executive Order 13574................................................ 9
Interpretations and Administration of ISA and Related Laws ............................................... 9
A pplication to E nergy Pipelines.................................................................................... 10
A pplication to C rude O il Purchases ............................................................................... 10
Application to Natural Gas Purchases from Iran........................................................... 10
Application to Liquefied Natural Gas Development.................................................... 10
Application to Financing but Not Official Credit Guarantee Agencies......................... 10
Application to Iranian Energy Institutions/NIOC and NITC ........................................ 11
ISA and Other Sanctions Against the IRGC.................................................................. 11
Sanctions Im posed U nder ISA ............................................................................................ 12
ISA Violation Determinations and Exemptions ............................................................ 13
Sanctioning Oil Payments to Iran's Central Bank: Section 1245 of FY2012 National
Defense Authorization Act (P.L. 112-81) .......................................................................... 16
Im plem entation/Exem ptions Issued ............................................................................... 17
Iran Threat Reduction Act Impedes Repatriation of Hard Currency to Iran .................. 18
Expanded Sanctions on Energy and Other Trade with Iran Imposed by Iran Freedom
and Counter-Proliferation Act (PL. 112-239) ................................................................. 18
Ban on U.S. Trade and Investment with Iran............................................................................. 19
Major Provisions of the Trade and Investment Ban: What Is Allowed or Prohibited ......... 20
Non-Application to Refined Oil with Iranian Content .................................................. 22
Application to Humanitarian Donations and Support .................................................. 22
Application to Foreign Subsidiaries of U.S. Firms ...................................................... 22
Financial Sanctions: CISADA and Sanctions on Dealings with Iran's Central Bank................ 23
Early Efforts: Targeted Financial Measures ........................................................................ 23
B anking Provisions of C ISA D A ........................................................................................ 23
Related Measure Added by FY2013 National Defense Authorization Act ................... 24
Implementation of Section 104: Sanctions Imposed.................................................... 24
Iran Designated a Money-Laundering Jurisdiction ............................................................. 24
Executive Order 13599 Impounding Iranian Assets........................................................... 25
Sanctions on Iran's Central Bank in the FY2012 NDAA.................................................... 25
E lectronic Paym ents (SW IFT) C utoff.................................................................................. 25
Terrorism -R elated Sanctions..................................................................................................... . 25
Sanctions Triggered by Terrorism List Designation: Ban on U.S. Aid, Arms Sales,
Dual-Use Exports, and Certain Programs for Iran .......................................................... 25
No Ban on U. S. Humanitarian Aid............................................................................... 26
Executive Order 13224: Sanctioning Terrorism Supporting Entities .................................. 26Congressional Research Service
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Katzman, Kenneth. Iran Sanctions. May 2013, report, May 31, 2013; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc809137/m1/4/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.