Review of health and productivity gains from better IEQ Page: 4 of 14
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Table 1. Summary of studies of the association of building characteristics with communicable
respiratory illness. Finding in parenthesis are adjusted for time in the building.
Setting Populations Compared Health Outcome Findings (adjusted for time
referencesl in building)
U.S. Army Recruits in modern (low Respiratory illness 33% (12.5%) lower prevalence
Barracks [6] ventilation) versus recruits with fever of respiratory illness in older
in older barracks barracks
U.S. Navy Recruits in barracks with Respiratory illness 23% (9%) decrease in
Barracks [7] UV irradiation of air versus with fever respiratory illness with UV
those in barracks without irradiation
UV irradiation
Finnish Office Office workers with > 1 Common Cold Worker without roommates had
[8] roommates vs. office 17% (17%) lower risk of > two
workers without roommates common colds per year
Antarctic Station Residents of smaller vs. Respiratory Illness 50% (19%) lower incidence of
[9] larger quarters respiratory illness for residents
of larger quarters
NY State Schools Students in fan ventilated Respiratory illness 41% (41%) less illness and 15%
[10] versus window ventilated and absence (15%) less absence in window
classrooms ventilated classrooms
Four US Nursing Residents of single nursing Culture-confirmed 76% (19%) less influenza and
Homes [11] home with no recirculation type A influenza 50% (12.5%) less total
of ventilation air and less and total respiratory illness in nursing
crowding of common areas respiratory illness home with no recirculation and
versus residents in three less crowding
homes with recirculation
and more crowding
Gulf War Troops Troops ever vs. never Symptoms of 27% (10%) less cough and 16%
[12] housed in different types of respiratory illness (6%) less sore throat if never
buildings during Gulf War housed in air-conditioned
buildings
U.S. Jail [13] > 7.4 m2 vs. < 7.4 m2 space Pneumococcal Significantly lower incidence if
per occupant and high vs. disease > 7.4 m2 space; 49% (12%)
low CO2 (i.e., low versus lower incidence if not in cell
high ventilation per type with high CO2
occupant) concentration
40 buildings with Workers in buildings with Short term absence 35% (35%) less short term
office, trade, high versus normal absence in high ventilation
manufacturing ventilation rate buildings
workers [14]
Dwellings in 168 residents of moldy Acute respiratory 54% (20%) reduction in
Finland [15,16] apartments versus 139 infection number of residents with > 1
residents of non-moldy respiratory infection during
apartments prior year if in non-moldy
apartments
primarily in commercial and institutional buildings that people occupy approximately 25% of
the time, smaller reductions in respiratory illness would be expected in the general population
than indicated by the existing literature. Adjusting for time spent in buildings [2] and
considering only the studies with explicit respiratory illness outcomes (i.e., excluding studies
with absence or individual symptoms as outcomes) results in nine estimates of decreases in
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Fisk, William J. Review of health and productivity gains from better IEQ, article, August 1, 2000; Berkeley, California. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc782978/m1/4/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.