Solids Control in Sludge PretreatmentperBeahm, E.C., Weber, C.F., Hunt, R.D., Dillow, T.A.USDOE Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management, Washington, DC (United States)orgUnited States. Department of Energy. Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management.Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)TennesseeOak Ridge National Laboratory1997-12-31engSludge pretreatment will likely involve washing, followed by caustic or acidic leaching and washing of sludge residues after leaching. The principal goal of pretreatment is to obtain a low-volume high-activity waste stream and a high-volume low-activity waste stream. Also, some waste constituents such as chromium and phosphate can be included in glass formulations only at very low concentrations; therefore, it is desirable to remove them from high-level waste streams. Two aspects of sludge treatment and subsequent separations should be well delineated and predictable: (1) the distribution of chemical species between aqueous solutions and solids and (2) potential problems due to chemical interactions that could result in process difficulties or safety concerns.Before any treatment technology is adopted, it must be demonstrated that the process can be carried out as planned. Three pretreatment methods were considered in the Tri-Party (Washington State Ecology, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and U.S. Department of Energy) negotiations: (1) sludge washing with corrosion- inhibiting water, (2) Enhanced Sludge Washing, and (3)acidic dissolution with separations processes. Enhanced Sludge Washing is the baseline process. In Enhanced Sludge Washing, sludge is first washed with corrosion-inhibiting water; it is then leached with caustic (sodium hydroxide solution) and washed again with corrosion- inhibiting water. The initial concern is whether a pretreatment technique is effective in separating sludge components. This can be evaluated by bench-scale tests with sludge specimens from underground storage tanks. The results give data on the distribution of important species such as aluminum, phosphate, and radionuclides between wash and leach solutions and solid sludge residues.14 p.LeachingAluminiumInteractionsCorrosion ProtectionSludgesData ProcessingWashing05 Nuclear FuelsGlassWaterReagentsPrecipitationOSTIUNTGDtext_articletextDE98000120CONF-970962--3AC05-84OR21400621545INIS; OSTI as DE98000120
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