Evaluation of constitutive models for crushed salt Page: 1 of 14
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EVALUATION OF CONSTITUTIVE MODELS FOR CRUSHED SALT
Gary D. Callahan
Marc C. Loken
RE/SPEC Inc., Rapid City, SD 57701
L. Diane Hurtado
Frank D. Hansen
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185
ABSTRACT
Three constitutive models are recommended as candidate constitutive models to
describe the deformation of crushed salt. The candidate constitutive models are
generalized to three-dimensional states of stress to include the effects of mean and
deviatoric stress and modified to include the effects of temperature, grain size, and
moisture content. A database including hydrostatic consolidation and shear
consolidation tests conducted on Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) and southeastern
New Mexico salt is used to determine material parameters for the candidate constitutive
models. To evaluate the capability of the candidate models, the parameter values
obtained from fitting the complete database are used to predict the individual tests.
Finite element calculations of a WIPP shaft with emplaced crushed salt demonstrate the
model predictions.
INTRODUCTION
The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is designed as the first full-scale, mined
geological repository for the safe management, storage, and disposal of transuranic
(TRU) radioactive wastes generated by the Department of Energy (DOE) defense
programs. The WIPP underground facility, located in southeastern New Mexico at a
depth of approximately 655 m in bedded halite, consists of a series of underground
shafts, drifts, panels, and disposal rooms. After the facility meets the requirements of
the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), each disposal room will be filled with
containers holding TRU wastes of various forms. Ultimately, a seal system will be
emplaced to prevent water from entering the repository and to prevent gases and brines
from migrating out of the repository.
Crushed salt has been proposed as a key component material for permanent sealing
of WIPP underground openings. Crushed salt's desirable characteristics include
chemical compatibility, eventual mechanical similarity with the host salt formation, and
availability from the site excavation. In addition, voids in crushed salt close and heal
in response to applied loads. Laboratory tests have shown that crushed salt achieves
desirable permeability characteristics as consolidation increases the material density.
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Callahan, G. D.; Loken, M. C.; Hurtado, L. D. & Hansen, F. D. Evaluation of constitutive models for crushed salt, article, May 1, 1996; Albuquerque, New Mexico. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc668857/m1/1/: accessed March 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.