Investigations of hydro-tectonic hazards at the proposed Yucca Mountain high-level nuclear waste repository. Annual report - Nevada Page: 4 of 359
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small spatial scale differences in chemistry indicate that equilibrium among
clinoptilolites is not always achieved in the natural setting and suggests that the
zeolites may not inhibit radionuclide migration as much as might be expected. K-Ar
dating of clinoptilolites suggests that zeolitization may have persisted into the
Quaternary in which case zeolitic alteration may necessarily become an expected
condition because of regulatory requirements. The amount of calcium which has
been introduced into the mountain is to large to be accounted for by diagenetic and
supergene processes. This leaves the hypogene hypothesis as the only meaningful
origin for the calcium metasomatism. The calcic chemical affinity among the altered
tuffs, calcite/silica veins and calcite/silica surficial deposits suggests similar
hypogene origins for all.
For the coming year we plan to incorporate more mineralogical and stratigraphic
information into the examination of alteration and mineralization at Yucca Mountain.
We will examine the distribution of calcite, illite/smectite and silica (Opal-CT) in the
tuffs and the chemistry and mineralogy of veins and fracture within the boreholes.
These studies will strengthen the linkages between the alteration and mineralization
of the tuffs and the surficial calcite/silica deposits discussed by Hill et al. (this report).
The status of our studies of near surface calcite/silica deposits over the past year
(see appendix to this executive summary) is given in the section prepared by Hill, et
al. (this report). We have included the efforts of a number of scientists of
international and national stature as a part of our team. The work is lead by Carol2
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Livingston, D.E. Investigations of hydro-tectonic hazards at the proposed Yucca Mountain high-level nuclear waste repository. Annual report - Nevada, report, January 1, 1994; United States. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc666066/m1/4/: accessed March 29, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.