Electrical signature analysis applications for non-intrusive automotive alternator diagnostics Page: 2 of 11
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ELECTRICAL SIGNATURE ANALYSIS APPLICATIONS FOR
NON-INTRUSIVE AUTOMOTIVE ALTERNATOR DIAGNOSTICS
Curtis W. Ayers
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
P.O. Box 2009
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8038
Abstract: Automotive alternators are designed to supply power for automobile engine ignition
systems as well as charge the storage battery. This product is used in a large market where
consumers are concerned with acoustic noise and vibration that comes from the unit, as well as
overall quality and dependability. Alternators and generators in general are used in industries other
than automotive, such as transportation and airline industries and in military applications. Their
manufacturers are interested in pursuing state-of-the-art methods to achieve higher quality and
reduced costs.
Preliminary investigations of non-intrusive diagnostic techniques utilizing the inherent voltage signals
of alternators have been performed with promising results. These techniques are based on time and
frequency domain analyses of specially conditioned signals taken from several alternators under
various test conditions. This paper discusses investigations that show correlations of the alternator
output voltage to airborne noise production. In addition, these signals provide insight into internal
magnetic characteristics that relate to design and/or assembly problems.
Key Words: Alternator; analysis: c&agnostics; electrical; generator; magnetic; signature
Summary: Electrical Signature Analysis (ESA) was developed originally at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory to allow diagnostic related information to be gathered from electric motor driven devices
via a remote non-intrusive current measurement on a motor power cable. The resulting signal with
appropriate processing is sensitive to mechanical and electrical loads or anomalies occurring in the
motor and driven machine or system. This technique has been developed for application on many
different types of motors and driven machines. Recently the ESA technique has been extrapolated
to evaluate alternators and generators and the perturbations seen in their voltage output signals.
The primary goal of this investigation is to determine if alternator electrical signals such as the phase
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Ayers, C.W. Electrical signature analysis applications for non-intrusive automotive alternator diagnostics, article, March 1, 1996; Tennessee. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc664651/m1/2/: accessed April 23, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.