TOUGH2 simulations of the TEVES Project including the behavior of a single-component NAPL Page: 3 of 136
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SAND94-1639 Distribution
Unlimited Release Category UC-2010
Printed May 1996
TOUGH2 Simulations of the TEVES Project
Including the Behavior of a Single-Component NAPL
Stephen W. Webb
Geohydrology Department
Sandia National Laboratories
Albuquerque, NM 87185
ABSTRACT
The TEVES (Thermal Enhanced Vapor Extraction System) Project is a demonstration of a
process designed to extract solvents and chemicals contained in the Chemical Waste Landfill at
Sandia National Laboratories. In this process, the ground is electrically heated, and borehole(s)
within the heated zone are maintained at a vacuum to draw air and evaporated contaminants into
the borehole and a subsequent treatment facility. TOUGH2 simulations have been performed to
evaluate the fluid flow and heat transfer behavior of the system. The TOUGH2 version used in
this study includes air, water, and a single-component non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL). In the
present simulations, an initial o-xylene inventory is assumed in the heated zone for illustration
purposes. Variation in borehole (vapor extraction) vacuum, borehole location, and soil
permeability were investigated.
Simulations indicate that the temperatures in the soil are relatively insensitive to the magnitude
of the borehole vacuum or the borehole locations. In contrast, however, the NAPL and liquid
water saturation distributions are sensitive to these borehole parameters. As the borehole
vacuum and air flow rate through the soil decrease, the possibility of contaminant (NAPL)
migration from the heated zone into the surrounding unheated soil increases. The borehole
location can also affect the likelihood of contaminant movement into the unheated soil.
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Webb, S.W. TOUGH2 simulations of the TEVES Project including the behavior of a single-component NAPL, report, May 1, 1996; Albuquerque, New Mexico. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc664316/m1/3/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.