Effect of Horizontal-Tail Position on the Hinge Moments of an Unbalanced Rudder in Attitudes Simulating Spin Conditions Page: 4 of 64
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NACA TN No. 1337 3
p mass density of air, slugs per cubic foot
V true rate of descent, feet per second
br rudder height, feet
r root-mean-square chord of rudder (rearward of hinge axis), feet
D drag of airplane, pounds
S wing area, square feet
W normal gross weight of airplane, pounds
1r total rudder-pedal travel (assumed as 0.4 ft), feet
Br rudder deflection with respect to fin (positive when trailing
edge is to left), degrees
o angle of attack referred to chord of horizontal tail, degrees
t angle of yaw (positive when nose of airplane is to right of
flight path), degrees
( angle of sideslip (positive when relative wind ccmes from
right of plane of symmetry), degrees
Ch6 rate of change of rudder hinge-moment coefficient with
r rudder deflection
ChI- ~ate of change of rudder hinge-moment coefficient with angle
of yaw
APPARATUS
A plan view and side view of the rectangular vertical and
horizontal tails used'for the tests are presented in figure 1. A
sketch of the model mounted in the Langley 15-foot free-spinning
tunnel with a dashed outline of a fuselage sketched in for reference
is shown in figure 2. Figure 3 is a photograph of the vertical tail
alone mounted in the tunnel. A photograph of the tail assembly with
the horizontal tail in a typical position (low center position) in the
tunnel is presented in figure 4. The tails were made of laminated
mahogany and had NACA 0009 airfoil sQect lons; and the elevator and
rudder chords were 33.3 percent of the airfoil chord. The gaps
between the movable and fixed surfaces were unsealed. The elevator
and. rudder had no aerodynamic balance. The rudder, however, was mass
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Stone, Ralph W., Jr. & Burk, Sanger M., Jr. Effect of Horizontal-Tail Position on the Hinge Moments of an Unbalanced Rudder in Attitudes Simulating Spin Conditions, report, June 1947; (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc55337/m1/4/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.