A Comparison of Corrosion-Resistant Steel (18 Percent Chromium - 8 Percent Nickel) and Aluminum Alloy (24st) Page: 2 of 13
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NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS
TECHNICAL NOTE NO. 560
A COMPARISON OF CORROSION-RESISTANT STEEL
(18 PERCENT CHROMIUM - 8 PERCENT NICKEL)
AND ALUMINUM ALLOY (24ST)
By J. E. Sullivan
In the selection of materials for aircraft applica-
tion, it is not enough to make the selection on a strength-
weight basis alone. A strength-weight comparison is sig-
nificant but other factors must be considerec, for while a
material with a high ratio of strength to weight may be
perfectly satisfactory for one use, it may be totally un-
fitted for another. It is essential, among other things,
that the probable nature, magnitude, and direction of the
principal stresses be given special consideration.
The following analysis has therefore been made with
this in mind. An attempt has been made to cover insofar
as possible the major, but not all of the points, that a
designer would consider in the use of "18-8", as it is
commonly referred to, and 24ST aluminum alloy, as applied
to aircraft. 24ST was selected for this comparison as it
has practically replaced 17ST for aircraft construction
and it appears to have the best combination of properties
of the alloys now available for this purpose. The cost of
fabrication has not been considered.
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
In view of the importance of modulus of elasticity in
design, this characteristic will be taken up at this time
prior to a discussion of the other items in which it is in-
volved and of the other properties of the two materials.
The elastic modulus of 24ST is 10,300,000 pounds per
square inch. This value is accepted by all designers and
well supported. by many tests. The modulus of elasticity
a of stainless steel of the 18-8 grade is not susceptible to
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Sullivan, J. E. A Comparison of Corrosion-Resistant Steel (18 Percent Chromium - 8 Percent Nickel) and Aluminum Alloy (24st), report, March 1936; (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc54153/m1/2/?rotate=270: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.