Experiment Station Record, Volume 69, July-December, 1933 Page: 39
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13933] FIELD CROPS 39
figs. 2).--Brief progress reports are given as heretofore (E.S.R., 67, p. 517) on
breeding work, trials of seedlings, hybrids, and introduced varieties, studies
of arrowing of varieties, and determination of the rate of movement of
lithium in the plant, all with sugarcane; breeding work with corn and yams;
fertilizer trials with dasheens, taros, and yautias; and tests of corn varieties
and hybrids.
The corn and soybean combination, H. L. BOEST and J. B. PARK (Ohio Sta.
Bimo. But., 18 (1933), No. 2, pp. S7-42).-This study of growing corn in combination
with soybeans for silage or grain has been noted (E.S.R., 68, p. 610).
Manuring of meadow-hay land: The effect of manures and lime on the
botanical composition and yield of hay, W. A. JACQUES (Jour. Agr. Sci.
[England], 23 (1933), No. 1, pp. 146-160, figs. 2).-An experiment begun by the
late W. Somerville at Leeds University Farm, Garforth, in 1899 and in progress
up to 1927 dealt with the effects of manure, fertilizer, and lime on yield and
botanical composition of meadow hay. The soil is a light loam derived from
a coal measures sandstone, naturally sour, and produces a poor type of herbage
typical of a large area.
During the first period, 1899-1911, manure each year and manure alternating
with complete or incomplete fertilizer with sodium nitrate gave the highest
yields. All the manured plats yielded better than any of the fertilized
plats, on which there was a progressive decrease in productivity with the omission
of potash and then superphosphate from the complete mixture. Sodium
nitrate in all cases produced heavier yields than ammonium sulfate. In the
second period, 1912-27, the unlimed half-plats occupied about the same position
in average production as in the first period. The manured plats still
maintained their superiority over fertilized plats and the sodium nitrate outyielded
the ammonium sulfate plats, yet the average level of production was
more than 0.5 ton less than in the first period, indicating that the continual
removal of hay from the same land each year, even in conjunction with heavy
and complete fertilizing, depresses yield. The limed half-plats, excepting two
which were manured, outyielded the corresponding unlimed halves. The increase
was greatest on controls and on plats receiving fertilizers only, and was
least with manure alone or when supplemented with fertilizers.
In regard to the herbage, continuous applications of ammonium sulfate,
with or without lime, induced no improvement as compared with the controls,
although the yield was somewhat greater. Sodium nitrate brought about an
improvement over ammonium sulfate by reducing bent and sweet vernal
and increasing the orchard grass. Complete fertilizer proved better than
incomplete fertilizer, although kainit had little effect on the floral composition.
Manure without lime encouraged orchard grass and rough-stalked meadow
grass, but depressed tall oatgrass. Where manure was used annually the
proportion of undesirable plants in the hay was less than on any other plat.
Manure and lime tended to suppress bent and Yorkshire fog. Manure gave a
better hay than complete fertilizers, as with the latter sheep's and hard
fescues, sweet vernal, and bentgrass replaced orchard grass, which became
abundant with manure. The effect of lime on the individual species varied
with the manuring. The behavior of the plants in response or otherwise to
lime and manures often agreed closely with Rothamsted findings by Brenchley
(E.S.R., 54, p. 435).
Alfalfa production under irrigation in western Texas, J. J. BAYLES (Texas
Sta. Bul. 472 (1932), pp. 28, figs. 10).-Production and irrigation practices for
growing alfalfa for hay under irrigation in western Texas are described, with
information on the climatic, soil, and fertility needs of the crop, its place
in rotations, the seed crop, varieties, pasturing alfalfa, and the control of
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United States. Office of Experiment Stations. Experiment Station Record, Volume 69, July-December, 1933, book, 1934; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5087/m1/59/: accessed April 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.