Interactions of N-Acylethanolamine Metabolism and Abscisic Acid Signaling in Arabidopsis Thaliana Seedlings Page: 46
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slight tolerance toward exogenous ABA. When low levels of both NAE and ABA are
added together, seedlings demonstrate a synergistic response that is greater than the
sum of the reduction in growth in either compound separately (Figure 6). The pattern of
growth reduction in seedlings treated with low levels of both NAE and ABA was similar
to the reduction in growth seen in ABA-treated seedlings (Figure 4), suggesting that the
effect of ABA on growth arrest is dominant over any NAE effects on growth arrest.
Perhaps NAE helps to modulate ABA responses in seedling growth arrest, but this
interaction requires further investigation.
The reduction of seedling growth can be associated with changes in gene
expression at the molecular level by observing the levels of ABI3 transcripts in the
seedlings. When seedlings developed normally, the level of ABI3 transcripts in tissues
was low. When seedling growth was reduced, the ABI3 transcript levels were high
(Figures 12-14). While this inverse association between ABI3 transcript levels and
growth had been suggested in previous work (Teaster et al., 2007), the evidence
presented here demonstrates this effect more clearly. In the combined NAE and ABA
treatment, where seedlings were unable to grow, the levels of ABI3 transcript were
much higher (Figure 14). In addition, ABI3 regulated genes (AtHVA22B and RD29B)
showed a similar pattern of increased levels at lower growth. The changes in
expression of these ABA-regulated genes were much higher than changes in
expression of an NAE-regulated gene PNP-A (Table 2). It is unknown whether high
levels of ABI3 inhibited seedling growth or whether inhibiting seedling growth resulted in
higher ABI3 levels. Previous work indicates that ABI3 levels increase over time in NAE
treated seedlings (Teaster et al., 2007). This increase begins at 5 days after sowing in46
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Cotter, Matthew Q. Interactions of N-Acylethanolamine Metabolism and Abscisic Acid Signaling in Arabidopsis Thaliana Seedlings, thesis, August 2010; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31532/m1/54/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .