Toward the Development of Information Technology Variables to Help Predict Organizational Structure Page: 59
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59
suggested that to be standardized, jobs had to be formalized
(Hage and Aiken 1969; Inkson et al. 1970). More recent
researchers appear to have adopted the second opinion,
because although the word standardization is still
frequently used in later publications, its measurement has
become synonymous with formalization (Dewar, Whetten, and
Boje 1980; Miller 1986; Reimann 1980; Sathe 1978; Sung
1988). The debate was formally put to rest, however, when a
meta-analysis showed that no differences was detectable
based on the separate definitions (Miller et al. 1991).
The measurement of formalization has been fairly
consistent throughout its use. Measurement techniques have
focused on how much documentation exists to constrict the
procedures of work (Dewar, Whetten, and Boje 1980; Hage and
Aiken 1969; Hickson, Pugh, and Pheysey 1969; Inkson et al.
1970; Miller 1986; Pugh et. al. 1968; Reimann 1980; Sathe
1978; Sung 1988). Two approaches have been used to measure
formalization. Both have been based on questionnaires.
One technique is to quantify the type and the number of
pages of documentation that applies to a job (Miller 1986;
Pugh and Pheysey 1969; Pugh et. al. 1968). The advantage of
this technique is that it is direct and verifiable; however,
it does not capture some of the more informal documentation.
For example, computer systems now function as formalization
devices by controlling the process and available routes
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Sweo, Robert (Robert Edward). Toward the Development of Information Technology Variables to Help Predict Organizational Structure, dissertation, May 1995; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278238/m1/68/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .