Middle Voice Construction in Burushaski: From the Perspective of a Native Speaker of the Hunza Dialect

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This study is about voice system in Burushaski, focusing especially on the middle voice (MV) construction. It claims that the [dd-] verbal prefix is an overt morphological middle marker for MV constructions, while the [n-] verbal prefix is a morphological marker for passive voice. The data primarily come from the Hunza dialect of Burushaski, but analogous phenomena can be observed in other dialects. This research is based on a corpus of 120 dd-prefix verbs. This research has showed that position {-2} on the verb template is occupied by voice-marker in Burushaski. The author argues that the middle marker is a … continued below

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Karim, Piar May 2013.

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  • Karim, Piar

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This study is about voice system in Burushaski, focusing especially on the middle voice (MV) construction. It claims that the [dd-] verbal prefix is an overt morphological middle marker for MV constructions, while the [n-] verbal prefix is a morphological marker for passive voice. The data primarily come from the Hunza dialect of Burushaski, but analogous phenomena can be observed in other dialects. This research is based on a corpus of 120 dd-prefix verbs. This research has showed that position {-2} on the verb template is occupied by voice-marker in Burushaski. The author argues that the middle marker is a semantic category of its own and that it is clearly distinguished from the reflexive marker in this language. The analysis of the phenomenon in this study only comes from the dialect of Hunza Burushaski, so a lot of research remains to be done on the other three dialects of Burushaski: Yasin dialect, Nagar dialect and Srinagar dialect.

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Burushaski Language Resource

Recordings of oral literature from different, significantly threatened, regional varieties of Burushaski spoken in Hunza, Nagar, and Yasin valleys in Pakistan and Srinagar in India. Included are audio and video recordings; fieldwork notes; photographs; and transcriptions, translations, and analyses of selected texts.

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  • May 2013

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  • Feb. 1, 2014, 6:14 p.m.

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  • April 30, 2025, 2:50 p.m.

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Karim, Piar. Middle Voice Construction in Burushaski: From the Perspective of a Native Speaker of the Hunza Dialect, thesis, May 2013; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271839/: accessed November 11, 2025), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .

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