GAFA's information infrastructure distribution: Interconnection dynamics in the global North versus global South

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This article analyzes public points of interconnection of Google, Amazon, Facebook, and Apple (GAFA) in the global North versus the global South to determine the degree to which their location preferences differ.

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26 p.

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Rosa, Fernanda R. & Hauge, Janice A. December 14, 2021.

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This article is part of the collection entitled: UNT Scholarly Works and was provided by the UNT College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences to the UNT Digital Library, a digital repository hosted by the UNT Libraries. It has been viewed 17 times. More information about this article can be viewed below.

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This article analyzes public points of interconnection of Google, Amazon, Facebook, and Apple (GAFA) in the global North versus the global South to determine the degree to which their location preferences differ.

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26 p.

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Abstract: We analyze public points of interconnection of Google, Amazon, Facebook, and Apple (GAFA) in the global North versus the global South to determine the degree to which their location preferences differ, if at all. We find that there is a statistically significant difference in GAFA locating in the global North versus the global South—a difference based on a country's wealth, specifically as given by per capita GNI. Approximately 38% of countries classified as global North have a GAFA public point of interconnection, while 16% of those classified as global South do. Apple has approximately 92% of its presence in the global North, followed by Amazon (82.5%), Facebook (73%), and Google (72%). Our findings suggest that competition and antitrust policy discussions of digital platforms should include information on the dynamics of interconnection infrastructure distribution, and for that, such information must be available. We also assert that a global consideration of the digital platforms market is necessary.

This article is part of the Special Issue: Platform power and regulation in the US and China: Comparative analysis

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  • Policy & Internet, 14(2), John Wiley & Sons, June 2022, pp. 424-449

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  • Publication Title: Policy & Internet
  • Volume: 14
  • Issue: 2
  • Pages: 26
  • Page Start: 424
  • Page End: 449
  • Peer Reviewed: Yes

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  • December 14, 2021

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  • Sept. 30, 2022, 11:33 a.m.

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  • Nov. 1, 2022, 8:38 a.m.

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Rosa, Fernanda R. & Hauge, Janice A. GAFA's information infrastructure distribution: Interconnection dynamics in the global North versus global South, article, December 14, 2021; (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1998733/: accessed September 30, 2023), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences.

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