Interacciones Bioculturales Del Pueblo Yagán Con Las Macroalgas Y Moluscos: Una Aproximación Desde La Filosofía Ambiental De Campo

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This article applies the conceptual framework of biocultural ethics to characterize the intertidal habitat within the biocultural context of the Yaghan people.

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27 p.

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Ojeda, Jaime; Rozzi, Ricardo, 1960-; Rosenfeld, Sebastián; Contador, Tamara; Massardo, Francisca; Malebrán, Javiera et al. June 17, 2018.

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  • Main Title: Interacciones Bioculturales Del Pueblo Yagán Con Las Macroalgas Y Moluscos: Una Aproximación Desde La Filosofía Ambiental De Campo
  • Parallel Title: Biocultural Interactions of the Yaghan People With Seaweeds and Mollusks: Field Environmental Philosophy Approach

Description

This article applies the conceptual framework of biocultural ethics to characterize the intertidal habitat within the biocultural context of the Yaghan people.

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27 p.

Notes

Abstract: The coastal areas of the Magellan ecoregion host considerable diversity of macroalgae and mollusks.
Indigenous peoples, such as the Yaghan, have developed biocultural interactions with austral coastal
ecosystems. This study is an interdisciplinary ecological, ethnoecological and philosophical analysis. It
applies the conceptual framework of biocultural ethics to characterize the intertidal habitat within the
biocultural context of the Yaghan people. This is done through the composition of inhabitants, such as
macroalgae and mollusks, linked to seasonal habits of abundance. Based on this account, we suggest
methods and activities of biocultural conservations. We applied the Field Environmental Philosophy
approach, which was carried out in Róbalo bay, Navarino island (55°S). Ecological results showed that
biomass and macroalgae diversity increased in summer and decreased over the winter. Mollusks Mytilus
edulis chilensis and Perumytilus purpuratus showed no seasonal variability abundance. Ethnographic
results based on the literature and observant participation showed that low seasonal variability in mollusk
abundance has been crucial to the subsistence of the Yaghan people. From the perspective of contemporary
environmental ethics, we identified several values in the Yaghan worldview. For example, there are
instrumental values in mollusks: they have been a source of food, aesthetic decoration, development of
tools and building huts. We found references to the intrinsic values in mollusks, particularly in narratives
and other ethnographic sources. These Yaghan values are rooted in a profound sense of empathy for
biodiversity. As a result of the combined ecological, ethnographic, and philosophical issues, we suggest
communication through metaphor (the submerged forest of Cape Horn) and field activities (open your
eyes, dive with an open mind) for biocultural conservation.

Resumen: Las zonas costeras de Magallanes poseen alta diversidad de macroalgas y moluscos. A su vez, han sido
habitadas por pueblos originarios, como el pueblo yagán, que han desarrollado una variedad de interacciones
bioculturales con los ecosistemas costeros. Este trabajo es un estudio interdisciplinario ecológico, etno-ecológico
y filosófico que utiliza el marco conceptual de la ética biocultural para caracterizar el hábitat intermareal en el
contexto biocultural del pueblo yagán a través de la composición de habitantes como macroalgas y moluscos,
vinculado con hábitos estacionales de abundancia. Mediante esta caracterización se proponen métodos y
actividades de conservación biocultural. Para ello, adaptamos la aproximación metodológica interdisciplinaria
de la Filosofía Ambiental de Campo, en un estudio realizado en bahía Róbalo, isla Navarino (55ºS). Los
resultados ecológicos mostraron que la biomasa y riqueza de macroalgas aumentó en verano y disminuyó en
invierno; en contraste, los moluscos sésiles Mytilus edulis chilensis y Perumytilus purpuratus no presentaron
una variabilidad estacional en su abundancia. Los resultados etnográficos basados en revisión de literatura
y participación observante, muestran que la baja variabilidad estacional de la abundancia de moluscos ha
sido vital para la subsistencia del pueblo yagán. Desde la perspectiva de la ética ambiental contemporánea
identificamos diversos valores en la cosmovisión yagán. En un sentido amplio, identificamos un valor
instrumental en los moluscos, que han sido utilizados por el pueblo yagán como fuente de alimentación,
decoración estética, elaboración de herramientas y construcción de chozas. En las narrativas y otros registros
etnográficos, identificamos un valor intrínseco, de los moluscos, arraigado en un profundo sentido de empatía.
Para contribuir a la conservación biocultural, proponemos la metáfora “bosques sumergidos del Cabo de
Hornos” y la actividad de campo “ojo buceo con ojo”, que recuperan hábitos de encuentros experienciales
con el hábitat intermareal y el conjuntos de sus cohabitantes.

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  • Magallania, 2018, Punta Arenas, Chile: Universidad de Magallanes.

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  • Publication Title: Magallania
  • Volume: 46
  • Issue: 1
  • Page Start: 155
  • Page End: 181
  • Peer Reviewed: Yes

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  • June 17, 2018

Added to The UNT Digital Library

  • Nov. 28, 2018, 5:21 p.m.

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  • Oct. 10, 2022, 11:35 a.m.

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Ojeda, Jaime; Rozzi, Ricardo, 1960-; Rosenfeld, Sebastián; Contador, Tamara; Massardo, Francisca; Malebrán, Javiera et al. Interacciones Bioculturales Del Pueblo Yagán Con Las Macroalgas Y Moluscos: Una Aproximación Desde La Filosofía Ambiental De Campo, article, June 17, 2018; Punta Arenas, Chile. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1390656/: accessed September 26, 2023), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences.

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