Identifying Native and Exotic Predators of Ground-Nesting Songbirds in Subantarctic Forests in Southern Chile

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This article describes an artificial nest experiment to assess the impact of predators on daily survival rates of artificial bird nests in three different habitat types.

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7 p.

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Maley, Brett M.; Anderson, Christopher B.; Stodola, Kirk & Rosemond, Amy D. April 28, 2011.

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  • Main Title: Identifying Native and Exotic Predators of Ground-Nesting Songbirds in Subantarctic Forests in Southern Chile
  • Parallel Title: Identificando Los Depredadores Nativos Y Exóticos Sobre Los Passeriformes Que Nidifican en El Suelo De Los Bosques Subantárticos en El Sur De Chile

Description

This article describes an artificial nest experiment to assess the impact of predators on daily survival rates of artificial bird nests in three different habitat types.

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7 p.

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Resumen: Las aves Passeriformes constituyen el grupo más diverso y abundante de vertebrados en el archipiélago austral de Sudamérica. Sin embargo, se desconocen varios aspectos claves de su ecología, tales como el éxito de nidificación y sus depredadores. El visón americano (Neovison vison) fue introducido a Tierra del Fuego en la década de 1940 e invadió la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos, al sur del Canal Beagle en 2001. Como nuevo depredador tope, el visón invasor puede tener impactos significativos sobre las especies de aves nativas, incluyendo algunos Passeriformes del bosque que nidifican al nivel del suelo. Para determinar la identidad y el efecto de los depredadores de nidos en el suelo, condujimos un experimento con nidos artificiales y determinamos el impacto de los depredadores en las tasas de supervivencia diarias de nidos en tres tipos de hábitats diferentes (matorrales antropogénicos, pastizales de castoreras y bosques). El 65% de los nidos fueron depredados (40% debido al chercán nativo [Troglodytes musculus] y 25% debido al visón exótico). Sin embargo, se encontró que el visón fue la causa del 53% del fracaso de los nidos en el matorral antropogénico. Estos resultados demuestran que tanto los depredadores nativos como los exóticos afectan el éxito de nidificación de la avifauna del bosque subantártico, pero el efecto de un depredador tope invasor, como el visón, constituye una nueva amenaza que podría afectar el éxito de nidificación y la sobrevivencia de los adultos.

Abstract: Birds constitute the most diverse and abundant group of vertebrates in the austral archipelago of southern South America; yet key aspects of their ecology such as nesting success and predators are little known. The American mink (Neovison vison) was introduced to Tierra del Fuego in the 1940s and expanded its range south of the Beagle Channel into the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve by 2001. As a new top predator, the invasive mink may have significant impacts on naïve avian species, including some forest Passeriformes that nest on the ground. To determine the identity and effect of ground nest predators, we conducted an artificial nest experiment and assessed the impact of predators on daily survival rates of artificial nests in three different habitat types (anthropogenic shrublands, beaver meadows, and forests). We found that 65% of nests were depredated (40% due to native Southern House Wrens [Troglodytes musculus] and 25% from mink). However, we discovered that mink were the cause of 53% of the nest failures in the anthropogenic shrubland. These findings demonstrated that both native and exotic predators affect nesting success of subantarctic forest avifauna, but the infuence of an invasive top predator, the mink, constitutes a new threat that will likely affect both nesting success and parental survival.

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  • Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 39(1), Universidad de Magallanes, April 28, 2011, pp. 1-7

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  • Publication Title: Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia
  • Volume: 39
  • Issue: 1
  • Pages: 7
  • Page Start: 51
  • Page End: 57
  • Peer Reviewed: Yes

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  • April 28, 2011

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  • June 26, 2018, 9:56 p.m.

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Maley, Brett M.; Anderson, Christopher B.; Stodola, Kirk & Rosemond, Amy D. Identifying Native and Exotic Predators of Ground-Nesting Songbirds in Subantarctic Forests in Southern Chile, article, April 28, 2011; Punta Arenas, Chile. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1181154/: accessed October 15, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT College of Arts and Sciences.

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