Predictors of College Readiness: an Analysis of the Student Readiness Inventory Page: 28
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The predictor variables included the four ACT test scores and self-reported high
school grades in the four ACT test subject areas (English, mathematics, social studies,
and natural science). The criterion variables were specific course grades in one of 12
types of freshman English and mathematics courses. Noble and Sawyer used three
combinations of predictor variables (ACT test scores, high school grades, and ACT test
scores combined with high school grades) in their multiple regression analysis. Their
results indicated the combined model was a significantly (p<.01) better predictor of
college grades than ACT scores alone. ACT scores were better predictors than self-
reported high school grades. ACT scores and high school grades, in addition to their
traditional use as college GPA predictors, held predictive validity for specific college
course grades.
Responding to the relative unpredictability and unexplained variance associated
with college grade point average (CGPA), Goldman and Slaughter (1976) selected a
criterion similar to that of Noble and Sawyer (1989): individual course grades. The
theoretical basis for this investigation was CGPA's composite nature of averaged
grades form a variety of courses in specific disciplines with unique grading systems and
heterogeneous student pools. Single course grades contained fewer opportunities for
introduced ambiguity and variance. The continuous predictor variables were SAT-Verbal
(SAT-V), SAT-mathematics (SAT-M), and high school GPA (HSGPA). The criterion
measures were specific grades in one course. The researchers computed correlations
and multiple regressions for each class. These results supported the researchers'
hypothesis that the validity concerns regarding conventional college success predictors,28
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Wilson, James K., III. Predictors of College Readiness: an Analysis of the Student Readiness Inventory, dissertation, May 2012; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115181/m1/35/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .