Development testing of grouting and liner technology for humid sites Page: 3 of 17
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SITE CHARACTERIZATION
An integral part of the experiment includes an hydrologic and geologic
description of the ETF site. First to be the discussed will be
geologic factors: stratigraphy, petrology, structure, geophysical
aspects, and soils. The hydrologic factors include: precipitation,
surface water occurrence and quality, ground eater occurrence and
quality, infiltration rates, and soil moisture.
Geologic Investigations
The Oak Ridge Reservation lies in the Ridge and Valley Province, which
is characterized by alternating, elongate, northeast trending parallel
ridges and valleys (McMaster, 1963). Differential erosion of the
northeast striking Paleozoic strata has influenced, the parallel
ridge-valley trend (Stockdale, 1951). These features are aligned with
the major thrust faults in the Province. The area of interest is
located in Melton Valley which is underlain by strata of the Middle to
Late Cabmrian Conasauga Group. Although the Conasauga Group generally
underlies valleys throughout the region, it locally forms hillocks such
as the one depicted in Figures 1 and 2.
The Conasauga Group is a very heterogeneous unit, consisting basically
of alternating shaley limestones and limey shales. The six constituent
formations, in ascending order are: Pumpkin Valley Shale, Rutledge
Limestone, Rogersville Shale, Maryville Limestone, Nolichucky Shale,
and Maynardville Limestone. It is the limestone members that are
responsible for the hillocks as they are resistant to erosion. The ETF
site is specifically underlain by the Maryville Limestone, a massive
silty interclastic limestone interbedded with a dark gray mudstone
(Haase and Vaughan, 1981).
The elevation to the top of the Maryville Limestone was determined from
well drilling varies from 235 to 241 meters. The lowest elevations are
at the southernmost end and rise to the 238 meter level which runs
approximately along the line delineated by wells ETF 12 to ETF 11. A
knoll of Maryville Limestone is situated by well ETF 2 and rises to an
elevation of 241 meters. Toward the northwest the elevation falls to
236 meters. The top of the Maryville Limestone shows a distinct
east-west alignment, which is not reflected in the north-south
orientation of the surface topography.
Upon excavation the knoll of bedrock near well ETF 2 was revealed to be
a tight anticlinal fold (Fig. 3). The axis of this fold was traced
across the middle three trenches (trenches 4, 5, and 6 in Fig. 1). The
northern limb of the anticline dips away from the center to the
northwest at between 440 and 520 while the other limb dips to the
southeast at between 470 and 70. In Figure 4 the fracture patterns in
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Vaughan, N.D. Development testing of grouting and liner technology for humid sites, article, January 1, 1981; Tennessee. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1110975/m1/3/: accessed March 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.