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fbftv* ®r® two primary organiaatlonaX philosophies*
batwaan which thara arc varloua gradation® and adaptationa.
The phlXoaophy of tha axacutiva that demand• extreme oen 
traXlsad authority may be eogq>ix«d to tha authority eon*
centra ted la a dictator or a aonarehlet while tha baaie
phlXoaophy of those advocatea of deeentraXiied authority
adher* in prlnclpXe to a democratic or repreeentatlve
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phlXoaophy*
Professional managere such aa WlXXlam B* divan, Jr.,
Alfred F. Sloan, Charlaa McCormlek, Ralph J* Cordiner, and
Crawford I* Greenewelt ara proponanta of decentralised
managerial authority* fhey emphasise that if managerlaX
daaantrallaatlon of authority la going to work* tha people
who have poaltlona of management atatua naad to have a
practical and aound management phlloaophy which Includes
tha maatarlng of daXagating*
DaaantraXlsatlon of managerial authority la moat '
effective If tha antlra management team la thoroughXy in-
doatrlnatad with a mutual sat of objeetlvee, principles,
poll e lea, and atandarda to meaeure results.
A management phiXoaophy provides a baaie for aelf*
development and education of managere In uelng and aaaapting
tha daXagatad authority from euperlere* Xt thua ere a tee an
attltuda of eo*cperation through participation* An and
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SpriegeX and Daviee, jgj>* clt*. pp  75-76*