Synthesis and Characterization of Oxide Feedstock Powders for the Fuel Cycle R&D Program Page: 2 of 10
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2. Direct Conversion Process
The MDD equipment used in the FY10 work is setup in Building 7930 of the
Radiochemical Engineering Development Center at ORNL. The MDD process starts
with the dissolution of U02 in nitric acid to form a uranyl nitrate solution. The
reaction shown in equation 1.
U02 + 3[HNO3] -> U02(NO3)2 + '/z NO2 + '/z NO + 3/2 H20 (1)
The dissolvent is preheated to 60 C to avoid a prolonged induction period followed
by vigorous reaction. It is desirable to avoid excess nitric acid in the feed solution
so the density of U02(N03)2 - HNO3 was used in equation 1 to establish the
appropriate acid concentration. Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is added to the
[U02(NO3)z] solution to yield an NH4/U ratio typically in the range of 2 to 2.6
mol:mol.
The feed solution is loaded into a graduated cylinder in preparation for delivery to
the MDD heated kiln. The feed transfer operation is performed in a fume hood as
shown in Figure 1.
Feed Solution
Fluid Metering
Pump
j Li Batch Calciner
Fig. 1. Feed solution metering system.
The feed solution is transferred to the MDD kiln using a fluid metering pump. The
kiln consists of a center drip tube which is surrounded by a rotating three zone
heated chamber (see Figure 2). The center tube and heated chamber are inclined at
a slope of -6 degrees to allow gravity induced flow of material. Feed solution is2
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Voit, Stewart L.; Vedder, Raymond James & Johnson, Jared A. Synthesis and Characterization of Oxide Feedstock Powders for the Fuel Cycle R&D Program, report, September 1, 2010; [Tennessee]. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1015230/m1/2/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.