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The Role of Thyroid Hormone across Avian Development Spectrum: Investigations on Systemic Development, Metabolism and Ontogeny of Endothermy Metadata

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Title

  • Main Title The Role of Thyroid Hormone across Avian Development Spectrum: Investigations on Systemic Development, Metabolism and Ontogeny of Endothermy

Creator

  • Author: Sirsat, Tushar S
    Creator Type: Personal

Contributor

  • Chair: Dzialowski, Edward M.
    Contributor Type: Personal
    Contributor Info: Major Professor
  • Committee Member: Burggren, Warren
    Contributor Type: Personal
  • Committee Member: Reed, Wendy
    Contributor Type: Personal
  • Committee Member: Crossley, Dane
    Contributor Type: Personal
  • Committee Member: Ardia, Dan
    Contributor Type: Personal

Publisher

  • Name: University of North Texas
    Place of Publication: Denton, Texas
    Additional Info: www.unt.edu

Date

  • Creation: 2017-08

Language

  • English

Description

  • Content Description: Achievement of endothernic capacity is vital for independence from ambient temperature changes, sustained activity, optimal biochemical reactions and optimization of parental care. During early avian development, the core tenets of transition from ectothermy to endothermy are development of metabolic capacity (oxygen consumption, mitochondrial bioenergetics), enhanced cardiovascular function (heart rate and cardiac output), pulmonary ventilation and thermogenic capacity. Thyroid hormones, particularly T3, are key metabolic regulators of basal metabolism, thermogenesis, pulmonary ventilation and mitochondrial respiration. Thyroid hormone fluctuation patterns during both precocial and altricial avian endothermic transition suggest a prominent role in maturation of endothermy, cardiovascular, respiratory and skeletal muscle physiology. This body of work explores effects of T3 manipulations in two avian species: the precocial Pekin duck and the altricial Red-winged Blackbird. Increased plasma T3 during late incubation resulted in increased cardiac mass, elevated resting and intrinsic heart rate, intrinsic mean arterial pressure, increased cholinergic tone and blunted alpha-adrenergic tone in the precocial Pekin duck. In both Pekin duck and Red-winged blackbird, plasma T3 levels correlated with changes in the trajectory of endothermic ontogeny, systemic oxygen consumption, thermogenesis, maturation of pulmonary ventilatory function, altered growth and effects on skeletal and cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics. These observations support the role of thyroid hormones as metabolic and developmental regulators at the time of attainment of endothermy during the perinatal period in precocial and altricial avian species. Insights into the role of thyroid hormone as a metabolic and development regulator at the time of avian endothermic attainment provide a more thorough understanding of metabolic and physical transitions a hatchling bird must undergo to reach the adult endothermic phenotype. Such insights also deepen understanding of the complex role thyroid hormones play in homeostasis and offer implications about the evolutionary history of endothermic capacity.
  • Physical Description: ix, 172 pages

Subject

  • Keyword: thyroid hormone
  • Keyword: endothermy
  • Keyword: Biology, Physiology
  • Keyword: Biology, Animal Physiology
  • Library of Congress Subject Headings: Birds -- Development.
  • Library of Congress Subject Headings: Birds -- Metabolism.
  • Library of Congress Subject Headings: Birds -- Physiology.
  • Library of Congress Subject Headings: Body temperature -- Regulation.
  • Library of Congress Subject Headings: Thyroid hormones.

Collection

  • Name: UNT Theses and Dissertations
    Code: UNTETD

Institution

  • Name: UNT Libraries
    Code: UNT

Rights

  • Rights Access: public
  • Rights Holder: Sirsat, Tushar S
  • Rights License: copyright
  • Rights Statement: Copyright is held by the author, unless otherwise noted. All rights Reserved.

Resource Type

  • Thesis or Dissertation

Format

  • Text

Identifier

  • Accession or Local Control No: submission_772
  • Archival Resource Key: ark:/67531/metadc1011746

Degree

  • Degree Name: Doctor of Philosophy
  • Degree Level: Doctoral
  • Academic Department: Department of Biological Sciences
  • College: College of Arts and Sciences
  • Degree Discipline: Biology
  • Degree Publication Type: disse
  • Degree Grantor: University of North Texas

Note

  • Embargo Note: Item will be restricted to campus view only for 5 years. Start date for restriction period is the first day of the month immediately following graduation month: June 1 (May graduation), September 1 (August graduation), or January 1 of following year (December graduation). Embargo expired on 2022-09-01.
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