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Analysis of options to move beyond 20% greenhouse gas emission reductions and assessing the risk of carbon leakage

This paper responds to the mandate given in the Emissions Trading Directive (EU ETS directive, Article 10b) to the Commission to submit by end of June 2010 an analytical report assessing the situation of energy-intensive sectors that have been determined to be exposed to significant risks of carbon leakage in the light of the international negotiations.

Date: 2010

Creator: European Commission

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

open access

Analysis of options to move beyond 20% greenhouse gas emission reductions and assessing the risk of carbon leakage

This paper analyze the possible effects of implementing all high end pledges put forward by countries under the Copenhagen Accord. Among other analysis, the report predict that, (if the Copenhagen Accord would be fully implemented), the world could bridge a major part of the required efforts by 2020 in order to keep average global temperature increase below 2ºC. However, the report also argue that most high end targets are conditional on others taking similar action, on a legally binding intern… more

Date: 2010

Creator: European Commission

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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Kyoto Protocol Implementation

This report analyze the impacts of linking JI and CDM to the future European Emission Allowance Trading System (ETSy). The result indicate that the volume of credits obtained through JI and CDM projects by the enlarged EU Emission Allowance Trading Scheme, as well as the magnitude of cost savings and allowance price impacts will crucially depend on how much competition there will be from EU Member States and other countries in JI and CDM credits.

Date: May 2003

Creator: Criqui, Patrick & Kitous, Alban

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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Towards an Analytical Capacity in Costing of Abatement Options for Forestry and Agricultural Carbon Sinks

This document is part of Technical Report (ref: EUR 21758 EN) from the Joint Research Centre and presents part of the modelling work conducted by DG JRC/IPTS as a contribution to the DG ENV Communication on post-2012 climate policy analysis (June 2005). The analysis with the POLES and GEM-E3 models show that the costs of abatement policies, both in marginal terms and total terms, can be significantly reduced if emissions trading and project based mechanisms are used.

Date: December 2002

Creator: Eurocare

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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Evaluation of Alternative Initial Allocation Mechanisms in a European Union Greenhouse Gas Emissions Allowance Trading Scheme

This report is intended to provide background to assist Member States and the European Commission ("Commission") in determining the allocation mechanism to use in conjunction with the Commission's proposed emissions trading programme for carbon dioxide ("CO2") and other greenhouse gases ("GHGs"). The Commission in October 2001 adopted a major package of initiatives to combat climate change. This package includes a proposed Directive on GHG emission trading ("proposed Directive") as well as a pr… more

Date: 2010

Creator: NERA Economic Consulting

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

open access

Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Analysis of options to move beyond 20% greenhouse gas emission reductions and assessing the risk of carbon leakage

Since the EU took its historic decisions on combating climate change in 2008, the economic crisis has brought some fundamental changes to the political and economic landscape of the EU's climate policy. The pressure on the EU economy is intense. The EU, however, remains deeply committed to action on climate change. Arresting the rise in global temperature remains one of the biggest challenges facing this generation. This Communication has set out how changed global circumstances have impacted o… more

Date: 2010

Creator: European Commission

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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Analysis of Post-2012 Climate Policy Scenarios with Limited Participation

This document is part of Technical Report (ref: EUR 21758 EN) from the Joint Research Centre and presents part of the modelling work conducted by DG JRC/IPTS as a contribution to the DG ENV Communication on post-2012 climate policy analysis (June 2005). The analyses with the POLES and GEM-E3 models show that the costs of abatement policies, both in marginal terms and total terms, can be significantly reduced if emissions trading and project based mechanisms are used.

Date: 2005

Creator: Russ, P.; Ciscar, J. C. & Szabó, L.

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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Streamlining climate change and air pollution reporting: Final Report

The environmental policies currently being negotiated are likely to require Member State (MS) to control and report their emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) and air pollutants (AP) more precisely. While there are likely to be associated costs, it is also likely that the cost of timely and targeted action will be less than the longer term cost of inaction. A number of European Union (EU) legal instruments are used to regulate emissions - several of these are under review. The review not only nee… more

Date: July 2009

Creator: Pulles, Tinus; Goodwin, Justin; Kruijd, Jeroen; Jozwicka, Magdalena; Janssen, Katleen; Vandenbroucke, Danny et al.

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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Establishing the Leakage Rates of Mobile Air Conditioners

The purpose of the study is to - based on field measurements - determine the average annual leakage rate of HFC-134a from MACs in the European Union of a "second generation"1 air conditioner. From November 2002, to January 2003 300 measurements of HFC-134a leakage were carried out on air conditioners of cars up to seven years age. The measurements were carried out on vehicles of all EU relevant makes at 19 garages in Germany (Osnabrück), Portugal (Rio Maior) and Sweden (Helsingborg) reflecting … more

Date: April 17, 2003

Creator: Schwarz, Winfried & Harnisch, Jochen

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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The Economic Effects of EU-Wide Industry-Level Emission Trading to Reduce Greenhouse Gases: Results from PRIMES Energy Systems Model

In preparation of the Green Paper on greenhouse gas emissions trading within the European Union, the cost implications of EU-wide emissions trading carbon dioxide were estimated by E3-Lab with their PRIMES energy systems model. According to the report, if each EU member States implemented its target under the Burden sharing agreement individually, the total annual cost for the EU to reach the Kyoto target would be 9.0 billion Pound.

Date: May 2000

Creator: Capros, P. & Manzos, L.

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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Greenhouse Gas Reduction Pathways: In the UNFCCC Process up to 2025

Meeting the EU objective of limiting global average temperature increase to 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels requires a peak in global greenhouse gas emissions within the next two decades. This means that early participation of developing countries in global emission control is needed, even under a significant strengthening of the commitments of Annex I countries under the Kyoto Protocol. The study has shown that it is possible to design a set of consistent rules for the attributio… more

Date: October 2003

Creator: Criqui, P.; Kitous, A.; Berk, M.; den Elzen, M.; Eickhout, B.; Lucas, P. et al.

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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Radioactive Waste Management in the European Union: Initiatives for New Legislation

Improving the management of radioactive waste in the European Union is a major theme of the ''nuclear package'' recently adopted by the European Commission. Included in the package are proposals for new legislation that would bring about the development of common safety standards in Europe covering the full nuclear sector, segregated funds to cover all nuclear liabilities that remain after the operating lifetime of an installation and clearly defined waste programs for radioactive waste managem… more

Date: February 25, 2003

Creator: Taylor, D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Allocation and Related Issues for Post-2012 Phases of the EU ETS

This report provides information on major design options related to the allocation of emissions allowances under the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (the EU ETS, or "the Scheme"). The report was developed to assist the European Commission in the context of the review of options for the EU ETS after 2012, during the third and subsequent phases of the Scheme. The report covers topics related to allocation alternatives as well as several other issues. All of the material contained here was… more

Date: October 22, 2007

Creator: Harrison, David, Jr.; Radov, Daniel & Klevnas, Per

Item Type: Text

Partner: UNT Libraries

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Radioactive Waste Management - A Priority Thematic Area Within The Euratom 6th Framework Programme (2002-2006)

The European Union's Sixth Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development and the specific EURATOM Framework Programme for Research and Training in Nuclear Energy (2002-2006)-EURATOM FP6--are the major building blocks for the European Commission to strengthen the foundations of the European Research Area, an open market for knowledge and science in Europe. The absence of a broadly agreed approach for radioactive waste management and disposal in the European Union caused the Euro… more

Date: February 24, 2003

Creator: Raynal, M. & von Maravic, H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Europeans and Radioactive Waste - Opinions, Beliefs and Concerns

In the autumn of 1998, the European Commission conducted a public opinion survey on radioactive waste. Roughly 16,000 people across the European Union (EU) were questioned in face to face interviews. A similar survey was carried out three years later in October and November of 2001, though this time questions of a broader nature concerning nuclear issues in general were also introduced. A comparison of the results of the two surveys shows that in the intervening period there have been very few … more

Date: February 27, 2003

Creator: Webster, S. & Taylor, D.M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Probabilistic accident consequence uncertainty analysis: Dispersion and deposition uncertainty assessment. Volume 3, Appendices C, D, E, F, and G

The development of two new probabilistic accident consequence codes, MACCS and COSYMA, completed in 1990, estimate the risks presented by nuclear installations based on postulated frequencies and magnitudes of potential accidents. In 1991, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the Commission of the European Communities (CEC) began a joint uncertainty analysis of the two codes. The objective was to develop credible and traceable uncertainty distributions for the input variables of the c… more

Date: January 1995

Creator: Harper, F. T.; Young, M. L. & Miller, L. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Probabilistic Accident Consequence Uncertainty Analysis: Dispersion and Deposition Uncertainty Assessment, Main Report

The development of two new probabilistic accident consequence codes, MACCS and COSYMA, was completed in 1990. These codes estimate the risks presented by nuclear installations based on postulated frequencies and magnitudes of potential accidents. In 1991, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the Commission of the European Communities (CEC) began a joint uncertainty analysis of the two codes. The ultimate objective of the joint effort was to develop credible and traceable uncertainty d… more

Date: January 1, 1995

Creator: Harper, F. T.; Young, M. L.; Miller, L. A.; Hora, S. C.; Lui, C. H.; Goossens, L. H. J. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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The European HDR project at Soultz sous forets: Stimulation of the second deep well and first circulation experiments

By February 1995 the European HDR project at Soultz was operating 6 boreholes: 2 deep hydraulic test wells (GPK-1, 3590 m & GPK-2, 3876 m) and 4 seismic observation wells with depths between 1500 and 2200 m. In 1993 the first section of a deep underground exchanger had been created through massive stimulation (injection of some 45000 m³ of water). Between November 1994 until January 1995 a second deep well, GPK-2, was drilled at the periphery of this exchanger. A complex test programme inv… more

Date: January 24, 1996

Creator: Baumgartner, J.; Jung, R.; Gerard, A.; Baria, R. & Garnish, J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Probabilistic accident consequence uncertainty analysis -- Early health effects uncertainty assessment. Volume 2: Appendices

The development of two new probabilistic accident consequence codes, MACCS and COSYMA, was completed in 1990. These codes estimate the consequence from the accidental releases of radiological material from hypothesized accidents at nuclear installations. In 1991, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Commission of the European Communities began cosponsoring a joint uncertainty analysis of the two codes. The ultimate objective of this joint effort was to systematically develop credible an… more

Date: December 1, 1997

Creator: Haskin, F. E.; Harper, F. T.; Goossens, L. H. J. & Kraan, B. C. P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department