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NATO Enlargement: Senate Advice and Consent

Description: This report describes the provisions of the North Atlantic Treaty and of the original Senate debate in 1949 pertinent to enlargement and the procedures that have been followed for each subsequent enlargement proposal. It also discusses what the Senate did with respect to the reunification of Germany in 1990 and the implications of that event for Germany's membership in NATO.
Date: January 15, 2010
Creator: Garcia, Michael John
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Filling Advice and Consent Positions at the Outset of a New Administration

Description: In its 2004 report, the 9/11 Commission identified what it perceived were shortcomings in the appointment process during presidential transitions. This report examines the advice and consent appointment process during such transitional periods, including the selection and vetting of PAS positions, temporary staffing and differences in the length of the appointment process for cabinet members compared to sub-cabinet members.
Date: December 18, 2008
Creator: Hogue, Henry B.; Bearden, Maureen & Palmer, Betsy
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Presidential Appointments to Full-time Positions in Executive Departments During the 109th Congress, 2005-2006

Description: This report provides an overview of the process for filling positions to which the President makes appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate (PAS positions). It also identifies, for the 109th Congress, all nominations to executive level full-time positions in the 15 departments. Profiles of the departments provide basic information regarding their full-time PAS positions and related appointment activity during the 109th Congress.
Date: June 10, 2008
Creator: Hogue, Henry B.; Bearden, Maureen & Ely, Dana
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Presidential Appointee Positions Requiring Senate Confirmation and Committees Handling Nominations

Description: This report identifies, by Senate committee, presidentially appointed positions requiring Senate confirmation based on referrals as of October 31, 2007. For each committee list, positions are categorized as full- or part-time and then grouped by department or agency. Where nominations have been referred to more than one committee, the organizations and titles are noted under each of the committees to which the nominations were referred. The lists also include the lengths of fixed terms, where a… more
Date: March 18, 2008
Creator: Hogue, Henry B.; Bearden, Maureen & Lisbeth, Terrence L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions on Regulatory and Other Collegial Boards and Commissions, 109th Congress

Description: This report provides an overview of the process for filling positions to which the President makes appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate. It also specifies, for the 109th Congress, all nominations to full-time positions on 33 regulatory and other collegial boards and commissions. Profiles of each board and commission provide information on their organizational structures, membership as of end of the 109th Congress, and appointment activity during that Congress. The organization… more
Date: November 14, 2008
Creator: Hogue, Henry; Bearden, Maureen; Ely, Dana & Lisbeth, Terrence
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Nomination and Confirmation of Lower Federal Court Judges in Presidential Election Years

Description: This report seeks to shed light on whether Senate processing of lower court nominations, particularly to the courts of appeals, has tended over recent decades to slow down in presidential election years. The report begins by reviewing recent debate, and historical events dating back to 1980, concerning whether the Senate and its Judiciary Committee customarily observe a practice referred to as the "Thurmond rule." Next, the report provides narratives on each presidential election year from 1980… more
Date: August 13, 2008
Creator: Rutkus, Denis Steven & Scott, Kevin M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Independent and Other Agencies During the 111th Congress

Description: This report explains the process for filling positions to which the President makes appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate (also referred to as PAS positions). It also identifies, for the 111th Congress, all nominations to full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation in 40 organizations in the executive branch (27 independent agencies, 6 agencies in the Executive Office of the President (EOP), and 7 multilateral organizations) and 4 agencies in the legislative branch. It ex… more
Date: January 22, 2013
Creator: Carey, Maeve P.; Greene, Michael W. & Bearden, Maureen
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Nominations to Cabinet Positions During Inter-Term Transitions Since 1984

Description: This report documents nominations to Cabinet positions during inter-term presidential transitions since 1984. During this period, three two-term Presidents — Ronald W. Reagan, William J. Clinton, and George W. Bush — made 30 nominations during inter-term transitions. For the purposes of this report, CRS considered an inter-term nomination to be one made between November 1 of a President's reelection year and April 30 of the first year of his second term.
Date: February 20, 2013
Creator: Carey, Maeve P.; Hogue, Henry B. & Greene, Michael W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Nominations to Cabinet Positions During Inter-Term Transitions Since 1984

Description: This report discusses nominations to Cabinet positions during inter-term presidential transitions. It begins with a discussion of the positions that make up the Cabinet and the process by which nominations to such positions are considered in the Senate. Following this discussion, the report provides data on, and analysis of, the pace of Senate consideration of inter-term transition nominations to Cabinet positions since 1984.
Date: July 30, 2014
Creator: Carey, Maeve P.; Greene, Michael & Hogue, Henry B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Nominations to Article III Lower Courts by President George W. Bush During the 110th Congress

Description: This report tracks nominations made by President George W. Bush to judgeships on the U.S. courts of appeals, the U.S. district courts, and the U.S. Court of International Trade — the lower courts on which, pursuant to Article III of the Constitution, judges serve "during good Behaviour." It lists and keeps count of all nominations made to these courts during the 110th Congress, including pertinent actions taken by the Senate Judiciary Committee and the full Senate. It also tracks the number of … more
Date: October 20, 2008
Creator: Rutkus, Denis Steven & Bearden, Maureen
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Out of Office: Vacancies, Acting Officers, and Day 301

Description: This report discusses the provisions of the Vacancies Act and the upcoming expiration of the time limit for temporary staff to to perform the duties of advice and consent staff positions that are still unfilled. Legal effects of letting the Vacancies Act take effect are also discussed.
Date: November 1, 2017
Creator: Brannon, Valerie C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Vacancies Act: A Legal Overview

Description: This report first describes how the Vacancies Act operates and outlines its scope, identifying when the Vacancies Act applies to a given office, how it is enforced, and which offices are exempt from its provisions. The report then explains who may serve as an acting officer and for how long, focusing on the limitations the Vacancies Act places on acting service. Finally, the report turns to issues of particular relevance to Congress, primarily highlighting the Vacancies Act's enforcement mechan… more
Date: October 30, 2017
Creator: Brannon, Valerie C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Executive Departments During the 114th Congress

Description: This report identifies all nominations submitted to the Senate during the 114th Congress for full-time positions in 15 executive departments. Information for each department is presented in tables. The tables include full-time positions confirmed by the Senate, pay levels for these positions, and appointment action within each executive department. Additional summary information across all 15 executive departments appears in the Appendix. During the 114th Congress, the President submitted 102 n… more
Date: October 31, 2017
Creator: Greene, Michael & Nagel, Jared C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Senate's "Executive Calendar"

Description: This report explains what the Senate's "executive calendar" is and how it is laid out. The "executive calendar" includes all treaties and confirmations that the Senate is planning to consider.
Date: April 21, 2017
Creator: Rybicki, Elizabeth
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Temporarily Filling Presidentially Appointed, Senate-Confirmed Positions

Description: This report discusses methods of temporarily filling presidentially appointed positions which require the advice and consent of the Senate through the use of special hiring rules for vacancies under the Federal Vacancies Reform Act of 1998, recess appointments, consultants, or interim appointments of personnel who were the next level down from the vacant position.
Date: April 18, 2017
Creator: Hogue, Henry B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Presidential Appointee Positions Requiring Senate Confirmation and Committees Handling Nominations

Description: This report identifies, by Senate committee, presidentially appointed positions requiring Senate confirmation as of June 30, 2016. For each committee list, positions are categorized as full- or part-time and then grouped by department or agency. Where nominations have been referred to more than one committee, they are noted under each of the committees to which the nominations were referred. The lists also include the lengths of fixed terms, where applicable.
Date: May 3, 2017
Creator: Davis, Christopher M. & Greene, Michael
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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U.S. Circuit and District Court Nominations: Comparative Statistics of Two-Term Presidencies Since 1945

Description: This report provides comparative statistics related to the nomination and confirmation of U.S. circuit and district court judges during the eighth year of two-term presidencies since 1945 (i.e., the Truman, Eisenhower, Reagan, Clinton, George W. Bush, and Obama presidencies). It also provides cumulative comparative statistics for the entire terms of these same six presidencies. Previous CRS research has analyzed final Senate action on judicial nominations during the eighth year of the Reagan, C… more
Date: April 24, 2017
Creator: McMillion, Barry J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Recess Appointments Made by President Barack Obama

Description: This report identifies recess appointments made by President Obama. The report discusses these recess appointments in the context of recess appointment authorities and practices generally, and it provides related statistics. Congressional actions to prevent recess appointments prior to and during the Obama presidency, the President's unconstitutional appointments, and the judiciary's response are discussed in more detail in an appendix to the report. Additional information concerning recess app… more
Date: September 7, 2017
Creator: Hogue, Henry B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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FBI Director: Appointment and Tenure

Description: This report provides an overview of the development of the process for appointing the FBI Director, briefly discusses the history of nominations to this position, and identifies related congressional hearing records and reports.
Date: May 10, 2017
Creator: Hogue, Henry B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Vacancies Act: A Legal Overview

Description: This report first describes how the Vacancies Act operates and outlines its scope, identifying when the Vacancies Act applies to a given office, how it is enforced, and which offices are exempt from its provisions. The report then explains who may serve as an acting officer and for how long, focusing on the limitations the Vacancies Act places on acting service. Finally, the report turns to issues of particular relevance to Congress, primarily highlighting the Vacancies Act's enforcement mechan… more
Date: July 20, 2018
Creator: Brannon, Valerie C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Justice Kennedy Retires: Initial Considerations for Congress

Description: This report discusses the retirement of Justice Anthony Kennedy from the Supreme Court. In so doing, this post provides a broad overview of key legal issues Congress (and, more specifically the Senate, through its advice and consent role) may wish to consider as it reflects on Justice Kennedy's jurisprudence and how his eventual successor might shape the future of the Court, Congress, and the nation as a whole.
Date: June 28, 2018
Creator: Nolan, Andrew & Garcia, Michael John
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Presidential Appointee Positions Requiring Senate Confirmation and Committees Handling Nominations

Description: This report identifies, by Senate committee, presidentially-appointed positions requiring Senate confirmation based on referrals as of the date of passage of S. 679, which became P.L. 112-166 on August 10, 2012.
Date: August 23, 2016
Creator: Davis, Christopher M. & Greene, Michael
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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