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in subjects: "Surfactants"

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Enhanced oil recovery by CO/sub 2/ foam flooding. Annual report, October 1, 1982-September 30, 1983

The objective is to identify commercially available additives which are effective in reducing the mobility of carbon dioxide, CO/sub 2/, thereby improving its efficiency in the recovery of tertiary oil, and which are low enough in cost to be economically attractive. During the past year significant progress has been made in developing a commercial method of reducing the mobility of carbon dioxide in enhanced oil recovery processes. Four basic chemical structures, listed below, appear to show mo… more

Date: December 22, 1983

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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FY 90 annual research plan

The National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research (NIPER) was established by the DOE to perform contract research for government and industrial clients. The emphasis of the DOE program is immediate near- and mid-term concerns of domestic oil and gas producibility. Its primary purpose is to improve the fundamental understanding of domestic oil and gas resources and the chemical, physical, and biological phenomena that govern the occurrence and recovery of these resources in addition to th… more

Date: January 1, 1990

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Permeability damage to natural fractures caused by fracturing fluid polymers

Formation damage studies using artificially fractured, low-permeability sandstone cores indicate that viscosified fracturing fluids can severely restrict gas flow through these types of narrow fractures. These studies were performed in support of the Department of Energy's Multiwell Experiment (MWX). Extensive geological and production evaluations at the MWX site indicate that the presence of a natural fracture system is largely responsible for unstimulated gas production. The laboratory format… more

Date: April 1, 1988

Creator: Gall, B. L.; Sattler, A. R.; Maloney, D. R. & Raible, C. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Capillary liquid chromatography using laser-based and mass spectrometric detection

The research performed during the past year has mainly focused on investigating and minimizing the problems listed below that limit the practical utility of these capillary electrokinetic separation techniques in chemical analysis. (1) Analyses are hindered by poor reproducibility. This is largely a result of complicated and irreproducible capillary wall-solute interactions that often result in adsorption and mobility changes. (2) While the Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography techn… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Sepaniak, M.J. & Cook, K.D.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Research on oil recovery mechanisms in heavy oil reservoirs

The goal of the Stanford University Petroleum Research Institute is to conduct research directed toward increasing the recovery of heavy oils. Presently, SUPRI is working in five main directions: To assess the influence of different reservoir conditions (temperature and pressure) on the absolute and relative permeability to oil and water and on capillary pressure; To evaluate the effect of different reservoir parameters on the in-situ combustion process. This project includes the study of the k… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Brigham, W.E.; Aziz, K. & Ramey, H.J. Jr.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Purification of phospholamban, a 22,000 dalton protein from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum that is specifically phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase

Very low concentrations deoxycholate (DOC) were used to isolate two proteins from canine cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. These two proteins are phospholamban, a 22,000 dalton protein, and the Ca/sup 2 +/ + Mg/sup 2 +/-ATPase, the major protein of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, responsible for the active transport of calcium. The 22,000 dalton protein is first solubilized in a very low concentration of DOC and then subjected to column chromatography. After molecular weight sieving on a Sephadex G-7… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Bidlack, J. M. & Shamoo, A. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Degradation of cellulosic biomass and its subsequent utilization for the production of chemical feedstocks. Progress report, March 1, 1977--May 31, 1977

The degradation of cellulosic biomass continues to focus on the anaerobic thermophile Clostridium thermocellum. When grown on crystalline cellulose (MN300) in batch culture, there is an initial rapid accumulation of reducing sugars but the sugars are rapidly metabolized in later times during the fermentation. When grown on Solka floc with periodic addition of the substrate, there is a continual accumulation of reducing sugars (xylose, glucose, and cellobiose) as well as ethanol and acetic acid … more

Date: June 1, 1977

Creator: Wang, D. I. C.; Cooney, C. L.; Demain, A. L.; Gomez, R. F. & Sinskey, A. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Control of pyrite surface chemistry in physical coal cleaning

To better understand the surface chemical properties of coal and mineral pyrite, studies on the effect of flotation surfactants (frother and kerosene) on the degree of hydrophobicity have been conducted. The presence of either frother or kerosene enhanced the flotability of coal and mineral pyrite with a corresponding decrease in induction time over the pH range examined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicate a correlation exists between the sample surface morphology and crystal s… more

Date: June 24, 1992

Creator: Luttrell, G. H.; Yoon, R. H.; Zachwieja, J. & Lagno, M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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SUPRI Heavy Oil Research Program. Seventh annual report, October 1, 1982-September 30, 1983

This research program has five main objectives: (1) flow properties - to assess the effects of temperature and pressure on absolute and relative permeabilities, on capillary pressure and on any relevant property of petroleum reservoirs; (2) in-situ combustion - tube runs for simulation of in-situ combustion experiments are performed under different pressure and oxygen concentration levels, and kinetics of in-situ combustion reactions are also studied; (3) steam injection with additives - to opt… more

Date: May 1, 1984

Creator: Brigham, W. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Degradation of cellulosic biomass and its subsequent utilization for the production of chemical feedstocks. Progress report, June 1, 1977--August 31, 1977

Studies on the microbial degradation of cellulose biomass continues to be centered around Clostridium thermocellum. The effect of surfactants on growth and cellulase production by C. thermocellum was investigated. The effect of pH on growth and reducing sugar accumulation rate of Clostridium thermocellum on solka floc was evaluated. Activity of extracellular cellulase of Clostridium thermocellum ATCC 27405 was examined using TNP--CMC and Avicel as substrates. The pH optima are 5 and 4.5, respec… more

Date: September 1, 1977

Creator: Wang, D. I. C.; Cooney, C. L.; Demain, A. L.; Gomez, R. F. & Sinskey, A. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Recovery of anaerobic digestion after exposure to toxicants. Final report

The concept that methane fermentation cannot tolerate chronic or slug doses of toxicants has almost totally precluded methane fermentation as a viable contender for the treatment of industrial wastewaters. This study assayed a wide variety of toxicants, heavy metals, inorganic salts, organic chemicals, solvents, and antibiotics which are used in industrial processes and, therefore, appear in the industrial wastewaters therefrom. Toxicity was related to the reduction in methane production of a c… more

Date: December 1, 1979

Creator: Yang, J.; Parkin, G. F. & Speece, R. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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(National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research) monthly progress report, February 1992

For this period, research is divided into Energy Production Research and Fuels Research. Energy Production Research includes reservoir characterization, microbial enhanced oil recovery, thermal EOR, alkaline flooding, gas flooding, flood process modelling, permeability and porosity research. Fuels Research included analysis of heavy crudes, and thermochemistry of organic nitrogen- and diheteroatom-containing compounds. The research of the Supplemental Government Program is also discussed.

Date: March 1, 1992

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Effects of chemical and gamma irradiation environments on the mechanical properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE)

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is currently being used as a high-integrity container material for low-level wastes. Potential failure/degration modes must be determined for realistic environmental conditions. These include consideration of mechanical stress, gaseous/liquid environments within and external to the container, and the gamma radiation field. A combination of simple inexpensive tests (stressed U-bend samples) and more sophisticated longer-term uniaxial creep tests are being used to… more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Soo, P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Influence of phase boundaries on photo-induced electron transfer reactions. Final report, July 1, 1977-August 31, 1979

A summary is presented of results of research which was conducted on bipyridyl complexes of ruthenium, with the objective of storing visible light energy. The research covered analytical techniques, synthesis, properties of Ru complexes in monolayers and micelles, and luminescence quenching. 23 references. (DLC)

Date: August 1, 1979

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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(National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research) monthly progress report for April 1992

Accomplishments for this period are described briefly under tasks for: Energy Production Research; Fuels Research; and Supplemental Government Program. Energy Production Research includes: reservoir assessment and characterization; TORIS research support; development of improved alkaline flooding methods, surfactant flooding methods; mobility control and sweep improvement in chemical flooding; gas flood performance prediction improvement; mobility control, profile modification, and sweep improv… more

Date: June 1, 1992

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Steam foam studies in the presence of residual oil

The lack of understanding regarding foam flow in porous media necessitates further research. This paper reports on going work at Stanford University aimed at increasing our understanding in the particular area of steam foams. The behavior of steam foam is investigated with a one dimensional (6 ft. {times} 2.15 in.) sandpack under residual oil conditions of approximately 12 percent. The strength of the in-situ generated foam, indicated by pressure drops, is significantly affected by injection pr… more

Date: May 1, 1992

Creator: Hutchinson, D.A.; Demiral, B. & Castanier, L.M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Pinellas Plant environmental monitoring report, 1981

The effluent and environmental monitoring programs maintained by the Pinellas Plant are designed to determine the efficiencies of treatment and control mechanisms, to provide measurements of discharge concentrations for comparison with applicable standards, and to assess the concentrations of these discharges in the environment. Small quantities of tritium gas, tritium oxide, carbon-14 labeled solvent and krypton-85 gas were released from the plant during the year. Average maximum ground level … more

Date: March 1, 1982

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Evaluation of Effectiveness of the Turco Low Profile Turbulator Reg Sign

This document discusses a turbulator which utilizes a heated chemical bath to reduce smearable contamination from small parts and tools. It is comprised of two agitators programmed to automatically alternate the flow of the cleaning solution within the tank in four separate and distinct high velocity flow patterns allowing access to the entire surface area of the part or tool being decontaminated. The turbulator is being evaluated to determine if agitation increases the effectiveness of waste m… more

Date: October 23, 1990

Creator: Grittmann, S.; McGlynn, J. F.; Long, J. R. & Rankin, W. N.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Development of a Foam OTEC System. Final technical Report for Fiscal Year 1979

Research on Development of a Foam OTEC System, as carried out at Carnegie-Mellon University from October 1, 1978 through September 30, 1979, is described. To a brief section summarizing highlights of research results are appended 12 technical reports which detail specific sections of the program. The work described is continuing and a proposal is currently being submitted to provide support in fiscal 1980.

Date: January 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Commercial scale demonstration: enhanced oil recovery by micellar-polymer flood. Annual report, October 1980-September 1981

This commercial scale test, known as the M-1 Project, is located in Crawford County, Illinois. It encompasses 407 acres of Robinson sand reservoir and covers portions of several waterflood projects that were approaching economic limit. The project includes 248 acres developed on a 2.5-acre five-spot pattern and 159 acres developed on a 5.0-acre five-spot pattern. Development work commenced in late 1974 and has previously been reported. Micellar solution (slug) injection was initiated on Februar… more

Date: May 1, 1982

Creator: Howell, J.C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research 1990 annual report, October 1, 1989--September 30, 1990

Research programs at NIPER cover a wide spectrum of specific technical tasks, all of which relate to three broad technology areas: (1) Enhanced oil recovery and all of the associated technical activities such as reservoir characterization and imaging techniques; (2) Alternative fuels evaluation and testing, including the supporting technologies of thermodynamics research and fuels characterization; (3) Environmentally technology related to production, transportation, and utilization of oil and … more

Date: May 1, 1992

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Flow in porous media, phase behavior and ultralow interfacial tensions: mechanisms of enhanced petroleum recovery. Final technical report

A major program of university research, longer-ranged and more fundamental in approach than industrial research, into basic mechanisms of enhancing petroleum recovery and into underlying physics, chemistry, geology, applied mathematics, computation, and engineering science has been built at Minnesota. The 1982 outputs of the interdisciplinary team of investigators were again ideas, instruments, techniques, data, understanding and skilled people: forty-one scientific and engineering papers in le… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Davis, H.T. & Scriven, L.E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Pigment-protein complexes

The photosynthetically-active pigment protein complexes of procaryotes and eucaryotes include chlorophyll proteins, carotenochlorophyll proteins, and biliproteins. They are either integral components or attached to photosynthetic membranes. Detergents are frequently required to solubilize the pigment-protein complexes. The membrane localization and detergent solubilization strongly suggest that the pigment-protein complexes are bound to the membranes by hydrophobic interactions. Hydrophobic int… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Siegelman, H W

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Circulation and coalescence within a vaporizing emulsified fuel droplet

A droplet of emulsified fuel (hexadecane, with 30% dispersed water and 2% surfactant) was supported by a vapor film between the droplet and a polished hot surface. Overlighting with a laser was used. During vaporization of approx. 2000 ..mu..m droplet, rapid internal circulation caused coalescence of the dispersed water droplets. Convective velocities are 0.2 to 0.5 m/s. During circulation, these droplets move directly along the fuel surface and are not preferentially distilled from the droplet… more

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Baer, M.R.; Sheffield, S.A. & Denison, G.J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department