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open access

Case Study of Envelope Sealing in Existing Multiunit Structures

Description: Envelope air sealing was included in the retrofit of a 244 unit low-rise multifamily housing complex in Durham, N.C. Pre- and post-retrofit enclosure leakage tests were conducted on 51 units and detailed diagnostics were performed on 16. On average, total leakage was reduced by nearly half, from 19.7 ACH50 to 9.4 ACH50. Costs for air sealing were $0.31 per square foot of conditioned floor area, lower than estimates found in the National Residential Efficiency Measures Database (NREMD) and other… more
Date: October 1, 2012
Creator: Dentz, J.; Conlin, F. & Podorson, D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

56th & Walnut - A Philly Gut Rehab Development

Description: Load-bearing brick-masonry multifamily buildings are prevalent in urban areas across much of the Northeast and mid-Atlantic. In most instances, these buildings are uninsulated unless they have been renovated within the past two decades. Affordable housing capital budgets typically limit what can be spent and energy improvements often take a back seat to basic capital improvements such as interior finish upgrades and basic repairs. The Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings is researching… more
Date: July 1, 2013
Creator: Puttagunta, S.; Faakye, O. & Zoeller, W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Multifamily Ventilation Retrofit Strategies

Description: In multifamily buildings, central ventilation systems often have poor performance, overventilating some portions of the building (causing excess energy use), while simultaneously underventilating other portions (causing diminished indoor air quality). BSC and Innova Services Corporation performed a series of field tests at a mid-rise test building undergoing a major energy audit and retrofit, which included ventilation system upgrades.
Date: December 1, 2012
Creator: Ueno, K.; Lstiburek, J. & Bergey, D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

West Village Community: Quality Management Processes and Preliminary Heat Pump Water Heater Performance

Description: West Village, a multi-use project underway at the University of California Davis, represents a ground-breaking sustainable community incorporating energy efficiency measures and on-site renewable generation to achieve community-level Zero Net Energy (ZNE) goals. The project when complete will provide housing for students, faculty, and staff with a vision to minimize the community's impact on energy use by reducing building energy use, providing on-site generation, and encouraging alternative fo… more
Date: November 1, 2012
Creator: Dakin, B.; Backman, C.; Hoeschele, M. & German, A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Building America Expert Meeting Report: Hydronic Heating in Multifamily Buildings

Description: The topic of this expert meeting was cost-effective controls and distribution retrofit options for hot water and steam space heating systems in multi-family buildings with the goals of reducing energy waste and improving occupant comfort. The U.S. Department of Energy's Building America program develops technologies with the goal of reducing energy use by 30% to 50% in residential buildings. Toward this goal, the program sponsors 'Expert Meetings' focused on specific building technology topics.… more
Date: October 1, 2011
Creator: Dentz, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Guidelines for Home Energy Professionals Project: Multifamily Job Task Analyses Needs Assessment

Description: This report describes the efforts carried out to determine whether there is a need to develop separate, multifamily-specific JTAs for the four proposed job categories. The multifamily SWS market committee considered these job designations to be the best candidates for developing JTAs and certification blueprints, as well as having the greatest potential for promoting job growth in the multifamily home performance industry.
Date: January 1, 2013
Creator: Dirr, N.; Hepinstall, D.; Douglas, M.; Buck, S. & Larney, C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Hydronic Heating Retrofits for Low-Rise Multifamily Buildings - Phase 1: Boiler Control Replacement and Monitoring

Description: The ARIES Collaborative, a Department of Energy Building America research team, partnered with NeighborWorks America affiliate Homeowners' Rehab Inc. (HRI) of Cambridge, MA to implement and study improvements to the heating system in one of the non-profit's housing developments. The heating control systems in the 42-unit Columbia CAST housing development were upgraded in an effort projected to reduce heating costs by 15 to 25 percent.
Date: April 1, 2012
Creator: Dentz, J. & Henderson, H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Leveraging Limited Scope for Maximum Benefit in Occupied Renovation of Uninsulated Cold Climate Multifamily Housing

Description: This project examines a large-scale renovation project within a 500 unit, 1960's era subsidized urban housing community. This research focuses on the airflow control and window replacement measures implemented as part of the renovations to the low-rise apartment buildings. The window replacement reduced the nominal conductive loss of the apartment enclosure by approximately 15%; air sealing measures reduced measured air leakage by approximately 40% on average.
Date: March 1, 2012
Creator: Neuhauser, K.; Bergey, D. & Osser, R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Measure Guideline: Air Sealing Attics in Multifamily Buildings

Description: This Building America Measure Guideline is intended for owners, builders, contractors, homeowners, and other stakeholders in the multifamily building industry, and focuses on challenges found in existing buildings for a variety of housing types. It explains why air sealing is desirable, explores related health and safety issues, and identifies common air leakage points in multifamily building attics. In addition, it also gives an overview of materials and techniques typically used to perform ai… more
Date: June 1, 2012
Creator: Otis, C. & Maxwell, S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Cascade Apartments - Deep Energy Multifamily Retrofit , Kent, Washington (Fact Sheet)

Description: In December of 2009-10, King County Housing Authority (KCHA) implemented energy retrofit improvements in the Cascade multifamily community, located in Kent, Washington (marine climate.)This research effort involved significant coordination from stakeholders KCHA, WA State Department of Commerce, utility Puget Sound Energy, and Cascade tenants. This report focuses on the following three primary BA research questions : 1. What are the modeled energy savings using DOE low income weatherization app… more
Date: February 1, 2014
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

56th and Walnut: A Philly Gut Rehab Development; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Fact Sheet)

Description: Load-bearing brick-masonry multifamily buildings are prevalent in urban areas across much of the Northeast and mid-Atlantic. In most instances, these buildings are un-insulated unless they have been renovated within the past two decades. Affordable housing capital budgets typically limit what can be spent and energy improvements often take a back seat to basic capital improvements such as interior finish upgrades and basic repairs. The Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings (CARB) is res… more
Date: November 1, 2013
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Evaluation of a Multifamily Retrofit in Climate Zone 5, Boulder, Colorado (Fact Sheet)

Description: In 2009, a 37-unit apartment complex located in Boulder, Colorado, underwent an energy retrofit to comply with Boulder SmartRegs Ordinance, a mandate that requires all rental properties to meet certain energy efficiency standards by 2018. The Consortium of Advanced Residential Buildings (CARB), a U.S. Department of Energy Building America team, worked with city planners and building owners to evaluate this program and recently completed a case study evaluating the effectiveness of a collection … more
Date: November 1, 2013
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Overheating in Hot Water- and Steam-Heated Multifamily Buildings

Description: Apartment temperature data have been collected from the archives of companies that provide energy management systems (EMS) to multifamily buildings in the Northeast U.S. The data have been analyzed from more than 100 apartments in eighteen buildings where EMS systems were already installed to quantify the degree of overheating. This research attempts to answer the question, 'What is the magnitude of apartment overheating in multifamily buildings with central hot water or steam heat?' This repor… more
Date: October 1, 2013
Creator: Dentz, J.; Varshney, K. & Henderson, H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Hydronic Heating Retrofits for Low-Rise Multifamily Buildings: Boiler Control Replacement and Monitoring

Description: The ARIES Collaborative, a U.S. Department of Energy Building America research team, partnered with NeighborWorks America affiliate Homeowners' Rehab Inc. of Cambridge, Massachusetts, to implement and study improvements to the central hydronic heating system in one of the nonprofit's housing developments. The heating control systems in the three-building, 42-unit Columbia Cambridge Alliance for Spanish Tenants housing development were upgraded.
Date: October 1, 2013
Creator: Dentz, J.; Henderson, H. & Varshney, K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Predicted Versus Actual Savings for a Low-Rise Multifamily Retrofit in Boulder, Colorado

Description: To determine the most cost-effective methods of improving buildings, accurate analysis and prediction of the energy use of existing buildings is essential. However, multiple studies confirm that analysis methods tend to over-predict energy use in poorly insulated, leaky homes and thus, the savings associated with improving those homes. In NREL's report titled 'Assessing and Improving the Accuracy of Energy Analysis of Residential Buildings,' researchers propose a method for improving the accura… more
Date: November 1, 2013
Creator: Arena, L. & Williamson, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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