The purpose of the investigation was to collect information from ninety representative art museums in Europe and North America, with visits made to forty-five and a validated questionnaire sent to the others; to study their research-oriented publications as to contents; and to organize the data so that they would be of value to graduate art students. Although this information will be of value to scholars, undergraduate students, and museum personnel, the study was restricted to the graduate art student because some museum libraries restrict their facilities to this educational level.
The purposes of the study are to identify factors of creativity which have been revealed in the fields of personality and cognitive theory, art education, and science, and to formulate a base for a theory of creativity.
The purposes of this study are to identify and describe the function and control of facial muscles as related to sound production on brasswind instruments, to explore electromyographic theory and techniques with particular regard to the function and control of facial muscles, to identify basic theories of embouchure among brasswind teachers and performers, to develop a theory of brasswind embouchure based upon the preceding factors, and to propose recommendations with regard to brasswind pedagogy. Existing theories of embouchure were investigated by reviewing the extensive brasswind pedagogical literature, and by interviewing teachers representing two widely differing views. Electromyographic kinesiology of facial muscles was investigated as follows: a description of facial muscles was formulated by collating anatomy books; related electromyographic literature was reviewed; eloctromyographic recordings of facial muscled during, the performance of various facial muscle tasks and during brasswind performance were made using indwelling fine-wire electrodes. The following fundamental questions were raised: (1) What are the elements of brasswind embouchure, and what is the effect of each upon performance? (2) Is there a single embouchure mode which may be considered most efficient, and if so, what facial muscles are involved, and how may they be trained?
The problem with which this investigation is concerned is the development of a theoretical framework for a program of graduate education for the preparation of teachers and administrators in nursing education. The theoretical framework for the program was developed after extensive research of the literature concerning graduate education generally and nursing specifically. Additional data were obtained from four different questionnaires sent to the presidents, chairmen, and faculty of all Texas colleges with programs for an Associate Degree in Nursing as well as to 100 students and 100 graduates representing all Texas programs for the Associate Degree in Nursing. The purpose of the study was to review the history of nursing, its development as a profession, and its system of education, including past, present, and future trends in each category of education. This survey gave a perspective to the graduate program proposed in this study. hen all fifty-seven accredited graduate nursing programs in the United States were analyzed to determine the current nature of graduate education in nursing and innovations initiated by specific graduate programs, as substantiated by the literature. The data from the questionnaires sent to all the Texas programs for the Associate Degree in Nursing paralleled the developments and facts revealed in the literature. From all of this information, a theoretical framework for a graduate program in nursing was developed. A description of the program follows. A master's degree received from an accredited university is considered the acceptable minimum preparation for positions of faculty and administrators of basic educational programs in nursing. The following graduate curriculum was developed in order to strengthen this preparation. The student in the master's degree curriculum is provided with the opportunity to capitalize on past knowledge, skill, and education acquired in any setting and to build on this foundation. A research, teaching/administration, and advanced …
The problem of this study was to investigate the relationship between the degree of authoritarianism expressed by pre-service secondary science teachers and the ways in which they spent their instructional time. This study was conducted on all students enrolled in the secondary science instructional methods course at a large North Texas area university for the fall semester of 1972 and the spring semester of 1973. The total population for the study was 55 students. To aid in resolution of the problem three purposes were formulated. The first purpose was to determine whether authoritarianism expressed by prospective science teachers was related to the ways they spent their instructional time. The second purpose was to determine if the authoritarianism expressed by prospective science teachers was related to their use of an indirect teaching style. The third purpose was to provide feedback to the prospective science teachers on the ways they spent their instructional time. It was concluded that teachers who were very authoritarian asked fewer questions and a different type of question than someone of lesser authoritarianism. The authoritarian asked questions that could be answered with a short answer such as yes or no, while the lesser authoritarian asked questions that allow the student to have more freedom in his response. Further studies of this type should focus on the teaching of questioning techniques to extreme authoritarians to establish whether they might learn to use divergent questions to teach science indirectly.
The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the purposes, plans, activities, and programs of the National Education Association that focused upon instruction. To carry out this purpose, guideline questions were developed. Answers to the questions were sought through leads obtained from a study of the volumes of Addresses and Proceedings for the years since the first NTA meeting in 1857 through the 1976 NEA Convention and editions of the NEA Handbook from the first in 1945 through the 1976 edition. Findings were presented in a six-chapter historical-descriptive narrative. Although interest in instruction is not an exclusive concern held only by professional associations, the findings of this study do suggest that instruction has been a fortunate focus for the NEA in two respects. First, the times of NEA's more obvious emphasis on instruction have been relatively free of criticism of Association activity. Secondly, emphasis on instruction has emerged as a thread to unify the National Education Association with diverse organizations and with classic human institutions--the home, the church, the school, and governmental agencies--throughout the world.
The problem of this study was an analysis of results obtained by a computer-assisted instructional approach and a lecture-demonstration instructional approach of teaching mathematical concepts in the area of office machines at the community college level. The purposes of this study were as follows: (1) to determine which method, the lecture-demonstration or computer assisted instruction, will produce the better mathematical skill in office machines; (2) to determine the effectiveness of computer-assisted instruction as compared to the lecture demonstration approach on the student’s attitude toward office machines, as measured by the Purdue attitude scale; (3) to compare the correlation between attitude and achievement for the computer-assisted instruction group and the lecture-demonstration group; and (4) to compare the correlation between attitude and achievement for high-ability students and low-ability students, based on scores obtained from the Otis-Lennon Mental Ability Test. The findings in this study indicate that there were no significant differences in mathematical achievement, attitude scores, or the correlation between attitude and achievement between students in the computer-assisted group and students in the lecture-demonstration group. The following conclusions were formulated from an analysis of this study. 1. Based on the mathematical achievement scores and the statistical analysis presented in this study, it is concluded that there are no demonstrated differences between the computer-assisted instructional approach and the lecture demonstration approach for teaching applied mathematical concepts to business machines students. 2. Based on the attitude scores presented in this study, students in both groups appear to have a favorable attitude toward the business machines course. Attitude scores for students in the computer-assisted group were not significantly different from scores for students in the lecture-demonstration group. 3. The integration of business machines and applied mathematics, in addition to developing speed and accuracy on electronic calculators and adding machines, produces increased achievement in mathematics.
The problem of this study is to present a complete historical record of Henderson State College, Arkadelphia, Arkansas, from 1890 to 1970. The sources of data included public records, legislative acts, court decisions, reports, catalogues, bulletins, periodicals, newspapers, letters, minutes, yearbooks, files, official records, interviews, and histories of public education and higher education in the United States. Standard methods of historical research were employed in examining 'materials.. pertinent to the study.
This investigation seeks to determine whether certain personality traits of college students are related to their smoking habits. The purpose of the study is to determine whether significant personality differences exist among college students who can be classified as light smokers, heavy smokers, ex-smokers, and nonsmokers and to determine the nature of the differences. The study involved four male experimental groups and four female experimental groups, assigned on the basis of sex and cigarette smoking habits as ascertained from a questionnaire. A total of 191 subjects from two junior colleges comprised the sample. The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS), the Tennessee Self Concept Scale (TSCS), and a questionnaire to obtain information on each subject's smoking habits were administered to the subjects at one sitting. Comparisons of the group means of each of the four classifications of smokers and nonsmokers were accomplished by a one-way analysis-of-variance design.
This study evaluates the effectiveness of programed vocabulary instruction in an undergraduate collegiate business communications course. In making its evaluation, the study tests the hypothesis that a class using such instruction would improve over a class without formal vocabulary study. The three areas of proficiency measured are written communication, vocabulary, and reading comprehension.
This investigation is concerned with the problem of identifying and analyzing kinds of information needed by community junior college students about career opportunities in business, as perceived by students, business teachers, and counselors in community junior colleges.
The problem of this study is the identification of differences in reading interests and preferences of Indian, Black, and white adolescents of both sexes and from different high school grade levels as they are related to (a) educational background of the parents, (b) availability of reading materials, (c) community size, and (d) the extent to which these preferences are represented in the standard selection aids for secondary school reading materials. A reading interest inventory was administered in the fall term, 1972, through English classes in twenty integrated schools in Oklahoma, representing three levels of population concentration. Community resources in reading materials available through school libraries, public libraries, and bookstores were evaluated. The reading inventories of 3,581 students were chosen to be evaluated to determine if there were significant differences at the .05 level. Earlier studies have indicated that sex and age are major factors in determining what teenagers read about and that adolescents' reading interests tended to be unique, personal, and very unpredictable.- Few studies have been reported that involved ethnic origin or family levels of education.
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