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Beta and Gamma Dose Rates From Terrestrially Distributed Sources
Report that examines the dose rate of radiation in the air and in a test subject due to radioactive materials (uranium, thorium, and potassium) that are present in the ground. The test subject in these experiments is a water cylinder that is meant to receive radiation in a manner similar to a person.
Environmental Contamination from Weapon Tests
Report issued by the Atomic Energy Commission over environmental effects from the fallout of nuclear weapons tests. The long-term effects of nuclear fallout on the environment, and human life are discussed. This report includes tables, and illustrations.
External Environmental Radiation Measurements in the United States
Report regarding ion chamber measurements made of the external environmental radiation in various location in the United States during the summer of 1957.
Further Investigations of Natural Environmental Radiation
Report documenting the investigation of cosmic and terrestrial background radiation. "Remeasurements in many locations furnished estimates of dosimetric increase in terrestrial levels due to fallout. Radiation measurement sin residential dwellings in he New York metropolitan areas are described" (p. 1).
Health Protection in Beryllium Facilities Summary of Ten Years of Experience
From Introduction: "The purpose of this report is to summarize the information gathered during the design and operation of these facilities so that it may be used in providing for the safe handling of beryllium materials."
Low Background Nuclear Counting Equipment
Abstract: Both direct and coincidence counting apparatus are described. The elimination of cosmic ray events by coincidence plus gamma ray shielding permits the reduction of counting rates far beyond that obtainable with shielding alone. By selection of materials and development of new components and techniques, the residual background count of beta counting equipment can be reduced to a very low value. Geiger counter equipment for routine laboratory measurements is described, have a background count of 0.7 c/m. Scintillation counters are shown to have a background of 0.2 c/m at 30% efficiency. A portable Geiger counter with a 3.7 c/m background is also described.
Nuclear Safety in Manufacturing Plants
From Introduction: "In the following pages are summarized the factors which influence neutron economy and which, therefore, are important in nuclear safety."
A Procedure for the Acid Extraction and Analysis of Strontium 90 in Soil With a Recommended Method for Soil Sampling
Abstract: A procedure is described for the extraction and analysis of strontium 90 in soil. The method of collection, sub-sampling, extraction, separation and counting are discussed and the reproducibility and reliability of the analytical method evaluation.
Pulse Amplifiers Using Transistor Circuits
From Introduction: "The high frequency response remains important even when pulse shaping is introduced. Pulse shaping is used to improve the time resolution of the system, to minimize overload distortion, or to facilitate the action of discriminating and recording circuits. The amplifier response may be optimized by such shaping, but in general the overall characteristics will be fixed by the particular detector system."
Radiation Survey, Columbia University, Van De Graaff
Abstract: During March 1958, representatives of the health and Safety Laboratory, New York Operations Office, visited Columbia University to make stray radiation measurement at the Van de Graff accelerator. A radiation survey was performed at the Van de Graaff electrostatic generator at Columbia University. The survey results do not indicate a particular need for additional shielding at this time. It is recommended that the analyzer area of the beam room should not be occupied during beam operations and the present interlock system should be modified by the installation of a photocell interlock as shown on the included plan.
Semi-Empirical Method of Calculating the Energy-Absorption Build-up Factor with an Application to a Uniformly Contaminated Space Having Spherical Boundaries
From Abstract: "The results are compared with those obtained by other methods, and an application to the problem of uniformly and continuously distributed point-source is discussed."
The Sequential Analysis of Ten Nuclides Occurring in Long Range Fallout Debris
Abstract : Methods for the chemical separation of strontium, barium, cesium, cerium, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, and tungsten from complex matrices are described. Procedures for the radiometric determination of the longer-lived isotopes of these elements are outlined. Inert carriers are added and the sample is dissolved by fusion with sodium carbonate. The melt is leached first with water and then with hydrochloric acid. The elements are recovered from these fractions by a series of wet chemical and ion exchange procedures, and gravimetric and radiometric determinations performed.
Some Variable Contributors to Natural Background
It was suggested that radon concentrations in air and potassium fertilizers on the ground contribute appreciably to natural background radiation levels. The effect on natural background gamma radiation from radon and its associated daughters in equilibrium and from potassium in fertilizers has been calculated and found to be negligible. Background radiation intensities have been assumed to be on the order of 10 [mu]rad/hr.
Strontium Program: Quarterly Summary Report, May 29, 1959
From Abstract: "This report is one of a sequence of quarterly reports, each designed to up-date its predecessor beginning with HASL-42, "Environmental Contamination from Weapon Tests". Herein are presented data which have accrued since HASL-55. Levels of strontinum-90 in fallout, milk, air, water, vegetation, foods, and bone are given, based on data available from February 1, 1959 to May 20, 1959."
Strontium Program: Quarterly Summary Report, November 19, 1958
From Abstract: "This report up-dates certain sections of HASL-42, "Environmental Contamination from Weapon Tests". In particular, the levels of Strontium-90 in fallout, milk, tap water, air, and soil are included for data available up to November 1, 1958."
Strontium Program Quarterly Summary Report: November 1958 - January 1959
From Abstract: "This report is one of a sequence of quarterly reports, each designed to up-date its predecessor beginning with HASL-42, "Environmental Contamination from Weapon Tests." Herein are reported data which have accrued since HASL-51. In particular, the levels of strontium 90 in fallout, milk, tap water, vegetation, and foods are given, based on data available from November 1, 1958 to January 30, 1959."
Strontium Program: Quarterly Summary Report, October 1, 1959
From Introduction: "Quarterly summary reports are prepared by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HASL) with the objective of presenting a current picture of the Strontium Program. This report, which up-dates HASL-65, presents data routinely reported by the Analytical Division of the Health and Safety Laboratory and its contractor laboratories - Nuclear Science and Engineering Corporation, Isotopes, Incorporated, Radiochemistry, Incorporated, and Tracelab, Incorporated. In addition, this issue includes data submitted by the U.S. Public Health Service, the Naval Research Laboratory, the Lamont Geological Observatory, and the Medical Laboratory of the National Defense Research Council ToNoOo - Netherlands."
Strontium Program: Summary Report for April 1958
Technical report was prepared by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HASL) with the objective of presenting a current picture of the Strontium Program. Abstract: Strontium 90 levels in fallout, milk, canned fish and tap water are summarized for data available up to April 5, 1958. Original data submitted during the month of March are included as an appendix. Data are presented to show the amount of Strontium 90 in fallout at sampling stations within and outside the United States.
Strontium Program: Summary Report for December 1957
Technical report was prepared by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HASL) with the objective of presenting a current picture of the Strontium Program. Abstract: Strontium 90 levels in fallout, milk, canned fish and tap water are summarized for data available up to November 30, 1957. Original data submitted during the month of November is included as an appendix. Data are presented to show the amount of Strontium 90 in fallout at sampling stations within and outside the United States.
Strontium Program: Summary Report for February 1958
Technical report was prepared by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HASL) with the objective of presenting a current picture of the Strontium Program. Abstract: Strontium 90 levels in fallout, milk, canned fish and tap water are summarized for data available up to February 30, 1958. Original data submitted during the month of February is included as an appendix. Data are presented to show the amount of Strontium 90 in fallout at sampling stations within and outside the United States.
Strontium Program: Summary Report for January 1958
Technical report was prepared by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HASL) with the objective of presenting a current picture of the Strontium Program. Abstract: Strontium 90 levels in fallout, milk, canned fish and tap water are summarized for data available up to December 30, 1957. Original data submitted during the month of December is included as an appendix. Data are presented to show the amount of Strontium 90 in fallout at sampling stations within and outside the United States.
Strontium Program: Summary Report for June and July 1958
Technical report was prepared by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HASL) with the objective of presenting a current picture of the Strontium Program. Abstract: Strontium 90 levels in fallout, milk, canned fish and tap water are summarized for data available up to July 28, 1958. Original data submitted during the month of June and the first two weeks in July are included as an appendix. Data are presented to show the amount of Strontium 90 in fallout at sampling stations within and outside the United States.
Strontium Program: Summary Report for March 1958
Technical report was prepared by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HASL) with the objective of presenting a current picture of the Strontium Program. Abstract: Strontium 90 levels in fallout, milk, canned fish and tap water are summarized for data available up to February 28, 1957. Original data submitted during the month of February is included as an appendix. Data are presented to show the amount of Strontium 90 in fallout at sampling stations within and outside the United States.
Strontium Program: Summary Report for May 1958
Technical report was prepared by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HASL) with the objective of presenting a current picture of the Strontium Program. Abstract: Strontium 90 levels in fallout, milk, canned fish and tap water are summarized for data available up to May 1, 1958. Original data submitted during the month of April are included as an appendix. Data are presented to show the amount of Strontium 90 in fallout at sampling stations within and outside the United States.
Strontium Program: Summary Report for October 1957
Technical report was prepared by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HASL) with the objective of presenting a current picture of the Strontium Program. Abstract: Strontium 90 levels in fallout, milk, canned fish and tap water are summarized for data available up to September 15, 1957. Original data submitted during the month of September is included as an appendix. Data are presented to show the amount of Strontium 90 in fallout at sampling stations within and outside the United States.
A Summary of Strontium 90 Analyses for Monthly Pot and Precipitation Collections
Report summarizing strontium 90 analyses collected throughout the world in order to determine the relationship between precipitation and nuclear fallout.
Symposium on Occupational Health Experience and Practices in the Uranium Industry
A Summary of Fifteen Years of Experience with Dust Problems in the Refining and Fabrication of Uranium: "This paper concerns chronic exposure to uranium dust in one part of the uranium industry, dealing only with natural uranium or uranium hexafluoride."
A System for the Automatic Computation of Disintegration Rates From Radiochemical Data
From Abstract: "Automatic computation of these general formulas from raw data and procedures for their adaption to a number of specific analyses are described."
Transistorization of Nuclear Counting Circuits
From Abstract: "The advantage of long operational life, low power drain and miniaturization may be realized in nuclear counting circuits through the use of transistors. The disadvantage of instability, due to the effects of temperature change in the transistor, may be minimized in counting circuit designs. Representative circuits of a binary stage, amplitude discriminator, one shot multivibrator, and ratemeters are included. These were designed using the criteria of an minimum Beta and a maximum Ico."
A Transistorized Pulse Height Analyzer for Gamma Spectroscopy
From abstract: "A scintillation detector has a pulse height output which is a linear function of the energy of impinging gamma radiation. A pulse height analyzer system determines the amplitude distribution of this train of pulses. The system also displays this information graphically in a form which is convenient for further analysis."
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