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ANL/HIWAY: an Air Pollution Evaluation Model for Roadways

Description: This report describes a computer program, called ANL/HIWAY, for estimating air quality levels of nonreactive pollutants produced by vehicular sources. It is valid for receptors at distances of tens to hundreds of meters, at an angle, downwind of the roadway, in relatively uncomplicated terrain. It may be used by planners to analyze the effects of a proposed roadway on adjacent air quality. The ANL/HIWAY model expands the evaluation capabilities of the EPA/HIWAY dispersion model. This report als… more
Date: December 1976
Creator: Concaildi, George A.; Cohen, Alan S. & King, Richard F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Simple Conduction Model with Phase Change for Fuel Pin

Description: A simple conduction model with phase change has been developed for the transient analysis of a fuel pin based on average properties and lumped-parameter techniques. The transient behavior of fuel and cladding can be accurately described by simple analytical expressions that agree with conventional numerical approaches for under-cooling transient analysis. If it be assumed that the heat-transfer resistance between the fuel and cladding remains the same for both steady-state and transient periods… more
Date: April 1976
Creator: Chen, W. L.; Ishii, M. & Grolmes, M. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Risk-assessment methodology for fast breeder reactors

Description: The methods applied or proposed for risk assessment of nuclear reactors are reviewed, particularly with respect to their applicability for risk assessment of future commercial fast breeder reactors. All methods are based on the calculation of accident consequences for relatively few accident scenarios. The role and general impact of uncertainties in fast-reactor accident analysis are discussed. The discussion shows the need for improvement of the methodology. A generalized and improved risk-ass… more
Date: April 1976
Creator: Ott, Karl O.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Application of Frequency-Modified Life Approach to the Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Type 304 Stainless Steel

Description: The application of the frequency-modified life equation to fatigue life prediction has been critically examined using the extensive fatigue data generated for Type 304 stainless steel at 1100 degrees F under a variety of cyclic-loading conditions. The parameters that enter into the frequency-modified life equation vary with strain rate and show a transition coinciding with the frequency of cycling at which a change in the fracture appearance from predominantly transgranular to predominantly int… more
Date: May 1976
Creator: Maiya, P. S. & Majumdar, S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Experimental and Analytical Study of the Sputtering Phenomena

Description: An experimental apparatus was constructed to examine the heat-transfer characteristics of a sputtering front. In the present study, a heat source of sufficient intensity was located immediately below the sputtering front, which prevented its downward progress, thus permitting detailed measurements of steady-state surface temperatures throughout a sputtering front. A two-dimensional analytical model was developed to describe a stationary sputtering front where the wet-dry interface corresponds t… more
Date: March 1976
Creator: Howard, Paul A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Reactor Physics Studies in the Engineering Mockup Critical Assembly of the Fast Test Reactor

Description: Reactor physics studies in the Engineering Mockup Critical (EMC) assembly of the Fast Test Reactor (FTR) facility are reported. The study included measurements of the neutron spectrum, Doppler effect, sodium-void worth, reaction rates, subassembly worths, material replacement worths, and FTR control, safety and shim rod worths. Each of these physics studies were made in a clean plutonium (low-Pu-240) fuel composition environment and a dirty plutonium (high-Pu-240) fuel composition environment. … more
Date: July 1976
Creator: Pond, R. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Use of Krypton-85 for the Detection of Pinhole Failures in GCFR Cladding

Description: Radioactive krypton-85 is used as a tracer to detect pinhole failures in GCFR cladding. High-purity helium (99.99% pure) that contains 0.3 ppm krypton-85 is used to pressurize the tubular test specimens, and a Geiger-Mueller counter is used to detect the krypton-85 in the helium environmental gas as it leaves the test chamber. Under the least favorable conditions of temperature and specimen pressure, it is estimated that the smallest pinhole failure that could be detected within 60 sec would ha… more
Date: May 1976
Creator: Yaggee, F. L.; Purohit, A. & Poeppel, R. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Examination and Evaluation of in-Reactor Fracture of Shroud Tubes in Mixed-Oxide Fuel Experiment X159

Description: During disassembly and subsequent visual examinations of X159 (a Mark A-19A type of subassembly containing mixed-oxide fuel), 11 of 19 shroud tubes were found fully or partially severed. Several of the capsules within their shroud tubes were distinctly kinked at axial locations near those at which the shroud tubes were severed. The examination also disclosed that the shroud-tube fractures occurred during reactor operations.
Date: June 1977
Creator: Flinn, J. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Numerical Integration of Large Deflection Elastic-Plastic Axisymmetric Shells of Revolution

Description: The improvement in the method of large deflection elastic-plastic analysis of shells and other structures appears to have continued interest. With the development in this work an improved numerical suppression scheme is now available for the large deflection elastic-plastic analysis of axisymmetric shells of revolution subjected to symmetric loadings. Quasi-linearization of Sander's non-linear shell equations is presented for the first time. With these quasi-linearized equations the suppression… more
Date: December 1976
Creator: Ahmed, Habib Uddin
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Measurement of the Hydrogen Yield in the Radiolysis of Water by Dissolved Fission Products

Description: Hydrogen from the radiolysis of water by dissolved fission products is stripped from the solution and collected by bubbling carbon dioxide through the solution. Quantitative measurements of the G value for hydrogen show that the yield is essentially the same as would be obtained by external gamma radiolysis of nonradioactive solutions of the same chemical composition. The hydrogen yield can be enhanced by addition of a hydrogen-atom donor, such as formic acid, to the solution. The yield of hydr… more
Date: April 1976
Creator: Sauer, M. C., Jr.; Hart, E. J.; Flynn, K. F. & Gindler, J. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Physical Parameters in Synthoil Process, Quarterly Report: January-March 1976

Description: This work is being done in support of the development of processes for converting coal to liquid fuel of low sulfur content, suitable for use in power production. Most of the effort is intended to produce information applicable to the SYNTHOIL Process. In the SYNTHOIL Process for converting coal to a low-sulfur fuel oil, coal is liquefied and hydro-desulfurized in a turbulent-flow, catalytic packed-bed reactor. A slurry of coal in recycled oil is reacted with hydrogen at 450 degrees C and 2,000… more
Date: 1976?
Creator: Fischer, J.; Lo, R.; Nandi, S.; Fredrickson, D.; Bump, T. R.; Mulcahey, T. P. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Analysis of a Cylindrical Shell Vibrating in a Cylindrical Fluid Region

Description: Analytical and experimental methods are presented for evaluating the vibration characteristics of cylindrical shells such as the thermal liner of the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) reactor vessel. The NASTRAN computer program is used to calculate the natural frequencies, mode shapes, and response to a harmonic loading of a thin, circular cylindrical shell situated inside a fluid-filled rigid circular cylinder. Solutions in a vacuum are verified with an exact solution method and the SAP IV compu… more
Date: August 1976
Creator: Chung, Ho; Mulcahy, T. M.; Turula, P. & Jendrzejczyk, J. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Comparison of the AMDAHL 470V/6 and the IBM 370/195 Using Benchmarks

Description: Six groups of jobs were run on the IBM 370/195 at the Applied Mathematics Division (AMD) of Argonne National Laboratory using the current production versions of OS/MVT 21.7 and ASP 3.1. The same jobs were then run on an AMDAHL 470V/6 at the AMDAHL manufacturing facilities in Sunnyvale, California, using the identical operating systems. Performances of the two machines are compared. Differences in the configurations were minimized. The memory size on each machine was the same, all software which… more
Date: March 1976
Creator: Snider, D. R.; Midlock, J. L.; Hinds, A. R. & Engert, D. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Studies of Unprotected Loss-of-Flow Accidents for the Clinch River Breeder Reactor

Description: Studies of unprotected loss-of-flow accidents in the CRBR for various rates of flow coast-down and with various options in the SAS 3A code did not lead to conditions for a violent disassembly. Maximum fuel temperatures using the SLUMPY module for disassembly were in the range 4000-4500 deg C. An approximate treatment of the LOF-driven TOP accident, not properly modeled by SAS 3A, indicates the possibility of some increase in accident severity. The effect of fission gas in dispersing fuel was no… more
Date: April 1976
Creator: Hummel, Harry H.; Pizzica, P. A. & Kalimullah
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Reactivity and Power Shape Control : Theory and Numerical Applications

Description: An optimization method, based on linear programming, has been developed which determines the enrichment distribution in a multizone reactor such that the desired power distribution is achieved at BOL, as well as the poison distribution during reactor operation such that the reactor is kept critical and the desired power distribution is retained. For the numerical implementation of the method, the CYPRUS code has been written. Results of the application of the method are presented and input spec… more
Date: June 1976
Creator: Tzanos, Constantine P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Gasification of Chars Produced Under Simulated in situ Processing Conditions Quarterly Report: January-March 1976

Description: This effort is being directed toward support studies for the national endeavor on in situ coal gasification. This task involves the investigation of reaction-controlling variables and product distributions for the gasification of both coals and chars utilizing steam and oxygen. Included in this task is the investigation of the effects of using brackish water as the water supply. The high-pressure char gasification system has been received from the manufacturer and is currently undergoing testin… more
Date: 1976?
Creator: Fischer, J.; Lo, R.; Young, J. & Jonke, A. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Germanium-Lithium Argon Scanning System (GLASS) : Design and Experience Through 1974

Description: The germanium-lithium argon scanning system (GLASS) was installed in EBR-II to monitor and analyze the gamma activity of the reactor cover gas and the reactor building air. GLASS has the capability to identify and measure 20 or more gamma peaks. Applied to the reactor cover gas, this capability has proven useful in identifying the source of fission-gas leakage from fuel elements. The gamma-peak data can clearly distinguish a carbide-fuel source from an oxide-fuel source and can often help disti… more
Date: July 1976
Creator: Brunson, G. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

A Summary on Experimental Methods for Statistical Transient Analysis of Two-Phase Gas-Liquid Flow

Description: Much work has been done in the study of two-phase gas-liquid flows. Although it has been recognized superficially that such flows are not homogeneous in general, little attention has been paid to the inherent discreteness of the two-phase systems. Only relatively recently have fluctuating characteristics of two-phase flows been studied in detail. As a result, new experimental devices and techniques have been developed for use in measuring quantities previously ignored. This report reviews and s… more
Date: June 1976
Creator: Delhaye, Jean-Marc & Jones, Owen C., Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Considerations Affecting Deep-Well Disposal of Tritium-Bearing Low-Level Aqueous Waste from Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Plants

Description: Present concepts of disposal of low-level aqueous wastes (LLAW) that contain much of the fission-product tritium from light water reactors involve dispersal to the atmosphere or to surface streams at fuel reprocessing plants. These concepts have been challenged in recent years. Deep-well injection of low-level aqueous wastes, an alternative to biospheric dispersal, is the subject of this presentation. Many factors must be considered in assessing its feasibility, including technology, costs, env… more
Date: March 1977
Creator: Trevorrow, L. E.; Warner, D. L. & Steindler, M. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Design and Fabrication of the EBR-II Environmental Instrumented Subassembly : Test XX07

Description: The EBR-II environmental instrumented subassembly (EISA), or Test XX07, was designed, fabricated, and irradiated to provide in-core measurements of irradiation conditions. This subassembly contained 57 elements with uranium metal-5 wt.% fissium fuel and four non-fueled elements. It was instrumented with two permanent-magnet flowmeters, 13 coolant thermocouples at various axial and radial locations, 10fuel-centerline thermocouples, and two self-powered detectors. The subassembly was irradiated i… more
Date: 1977
Creator: Gillette, J. L.; Ploncsik, J.; Smaardyk, A.; Walker, D. E.; Filewicz, E. C.; Longnecker, A. A. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Fuel Dynamics Loss-of-Flow Test L3 : Final Report

Description: The behavior of FTR-type, mixed-oxide, pre-irradiated, ''intermediate-power-structure'' fuel during a simulation of an FTR loss-of-flow accident was studied in the Mark-IIA integral TREAT loop. Analysis of the data reported here leads to a postulated scenario (sequence and timing) of events in the test. This scenario is presented, together with the calculated timing of events obtained by use of the SAS code.
Date: June 1976
Creator: Fischer, A. K.; Lo, R. K. & Barts, E. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Theory of Ionization by Electron Collisions

Description: The problem of calculating comprehensive sets of cross sections for ionization of atoms and molecules is reviewed. Emphasis is put on targets that are already ionized and lower-energy collisions for which the incident electron must be treated on a par with target electrons. The physical circumstances are discussed in which perturbation methods should be adequate, and special investigations are recommended to identify the relevant ranges of parameters more precisely and dependably. A new R-matri… more
Date: June 1976
Creator: Fano, Ugo & Inokuti, Mitio
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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