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The Federal Minimum Wage: In Brief

Description: This report discusses the minimum wage provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)that have been amended numerous times since 1938, typically for the purpose of expanding coverage or raising the wage rate.
Date: January 17, 2014
Creator: Bradley, David H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Federal Aid to State and Local Governments: Select Issues Raised by a Federal Government Shutdown

Description: This report explores two grant-administration issues specifically affected by the federal shutdown. It gives an overview of federal aid to state and local governments, characteristics of federal grants and methods for disbursing the funds, grant administration issues affected by a lapse in federal funding, and potential legislative options to reduce the impact of future government shutdowns.
Date: April 17, 2014
Creator: Keegan, Natalie
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Bolivia: In Brief

Description: This report provides background information on Bolivia, an analysis of its current political and economic situation, and an assessment of some key issues in Bolivian-U.S. relations.
Date: April 17, 2014
Creator: Seelke, Clare Ribando
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Salaries of Members of Congress: Recent Actions and Historical Tables

Description: The report contains information on congressional pay procedure and recent adjustments. It includes historical information on pay rates since 1789; the adjustments projected by the Ethics Reform Act as compared to actual adjustments in Member pay; details on past legislation enacted with language prohibiting the annual pay adjustment; and Member pay in constant and current dollars since 1992.
Date: June 17, 2014
Creator: Brudnick, Ida A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Clean Water Act and Pollutant Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)

Description: This report discusses the total maximum daily load (TMDL) program which regulates pollutants to ensure that water quality standards can be attained; section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires states to identify waters that are impaired by pollution, even after application of pollution controls. The report focuses on new challenges facing the TMDL program, including more complex TMDLs, larger scale impairments, and nonpoint sources.
Date: January 17, 2014
Creator: Copeland, Claudia
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy

Description: This report discusses the current political state of Afghanistan, focusing particularly on the influence of the Taliban and other militant groups, and on the leadership of Afghan President Hamid Karzai. This report also discusses the U.S.-Afghanistan relationship, in both the short and long term, and U.S. efforts under the Obama Administration to provide military, reconstructive, and stabilization aid.
Date: January 17, 2014
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

The Federal Food Safety System: A Primer

Description: This report discusses concerns about food safety, the resources required to ensure food safety, and whether federal food safety laws themselves, first enacted in the early 1900s, have kept pace with the significant changes that have occurred in the food production, processing, and marketing sectors since then.
Date: January 17, 2014
Creator: Johnson, Renée
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Congressional Liaison Offices of Selected Federal Agencies

Description: This list of about 200 congressional liaison offices is intended to help congressional offices in placing telephone calls and addressing correspondence to government agencies. Entries are arranged alphabetically in four sections: legislative branch; judicial branch; executive branch; and agencies, boards, and commissions.
Date: December 17, 2014
Creator: Crane-Hirsch, Audrey C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

The Help America Vote Act and Election Administration: Overview and Issues

Description: This report discusses the Help America Vote Act (HAVA; P.L. 107-252) enacted in 2002. It provides background information about HAVA and its provisions, the Election Assistance Commission (EAC), funding for the agency and for state programs to improve elections, and a number of enduring election administration issues.
Date: December 17, 2014
Creator: Coleman, Kevin J. & Fischer, Eric A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Economic Crisis in Russia

Description: This report briefly examines the economic climate in Russia, providing background information and examining key trends. The report also briefly discusses possible next steps for the Kremlin and potential spillover effects for the United States.
Date: December 17, 2014
Creator: Nelson, Rebecca M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

U.S. Immigration Policy: Chart Book of Key Trends

Description: This report is a chart book of selected immigration trends that touch on the main elements of comprehensive immigration reform (CIR). Most policymakers agree that the main issues in CIR include increased border security and immigration enforcement, improved employment eligibility verification, revision of legal immigration, and options to address the millions of unauthorized aliens residing in the country. The report offers snapshots of time series data, using the most complete and consistent t… more
Date: December 17, 2014
Creator: Kandel, William A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Constitutional Points of Order in the Senate

Description: In general, the Senate's presiding officer does not take the initiative in enforcing Senate rules and precedents. Instead, a Senator may raise a point of order if he or she believes the Senate is taking (or is about to take) an action that violates the rules. In most circumstances, the presiding officer rules on the point of order on advice of the Parliamentarian; that ruling is typically subject to an appeal on which the Senate votes (unless the appeal is tabled or withdrawn). Pursuant to Rule… more
Date: December 17, 2014
Creator: Heitshusen, Valerie
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2015

Description: The federal government has played an important role in supporting research and development (R&D) efforts that have led to scientific breakthroughs and new technologies, from jet aircraft and the Internet to communications satellites, shale gas extraction, and defenses against disease. However, widespread concerns about the federal debt and recent and projected federal budget deficits are driving difficult decisions about the prioritization of R&D, both in the context of the entire federal budge… more
Date: December 17, 2014
Creator: Sargent, John F., Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Regulation of Clinical Tests: In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) Devices, Laboratory Developed Tests (LDTs), and Genetic Tests

Description: In vitro diagnostic (IVD) devices are used in the analysis of human samples, such as blood or tissue, to provide information in making health care decisions. Examples of IVDs include pregnancy test kits or blood glucose tests for home use; laboratory tests for infectious disease, such as HIV or hepatitis, and routine blood tests, such as cholesterol and anemia; and tests for various genetic diseases or conditions. More recently, a specific type of diagnostic test--called a companion diagnostic… more
Date: December 17, 2014
Creator: Sarata, Amanda K. & Johnson, Judith A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Legislative Options for Financing Water Infrastructure

Description: This report discusses several options being considered by Congress to address the financing needs of local communities for wastewater and drinking water infrastructure projects, and to decrease or close the gap between available funds and projected needs.
Date: March 17, 2014
Creator: Copeland, Claudia; Maguire, Steven & Mallett, William J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

U.S. Citizens Kidnapped by the Islamic State

Description: This report briefly discusses the Islamic State's (IS, or alternatively, Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant, ISIL, or Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, ISIS) kidnapping of American citizens and the implications for congressional response.
Date: October 17, 2014
Creator: Rollins, John W. & Rosen, Liana
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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