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open access

Congressional Review of EPA’s Mercury Rule

Description: This report discusses the EPA rule that is the subject of the disapproval resolution, describes the procedures under which the resolution can be considered, and provides additional references and background information that may be of interest in light of the potential debate.
Date: July 25, 2005
Creator: McCarthy, James E. & Beth, Richard S.
open access

The Corporation for Public Broadcasting: Federal Funding Facts and Status

Description: Congressional policymakers are closely examining federal funding for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB). Overall, 15.6% of all public television and radio broadcasting funding comes from the federal appropriations that CPB distributes. The CPB’s appropriation is allocated through a distribution formula established in its authorizing legislation. It has historically received two-year advanced appropriations.
Date: July 25, 2005
Creator: McLoughlin, Glenn J.
open access

Flow of Business: Typical Day on the Senate Floor

Description: This report discusses procedures and business that usually occur every session day, and notes certain business items that may occur less frequently. Several authorities govern the daily chamber work of the Senate: the standing rules, the "standing orders," unanimous consent agreements, precedent, and tradition. Because these authorities have different influence at certain times, no Senate session day is truly typical.
Date: July 25, 2005
Creator: Davis, Christopher M.
open access

Individual Accounts: What Rate of Return Would They Earn?

Description: It has been proposed to add individual accounts to Social Security in which investors could hold private securities. Calculations that project the earnings of individual accounts typically presume that they will earn a rate of return equal or close to the historical rate of return. But is there evidence that future rates of return will differ from history in predictable ways?
Date: July 25, 2005
Creator: Cashell, Brian W. & Labonte, Marc
open access

Afghanistan: Post-War Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy

Description: The United States and its allies are helping Afghanistan emerging from more than 22 years of warfare, although substantial risk to Afghan stability remains. Before the U.S. military campaign against the orthodox Islamist Taliban movement began on October 7, 2001, Afghanistan had been mired in conflict since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. The defeat of the Taliban has enabled the United States and its coalition partners to send forces throughout Afghanistan to search for Taliban and… more
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
open access

Afghanistan: Post-War Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy

Description: The United States and its allies are helping Afghanistan emerging from more than 22 years of warfare, although substantial risk to Afghan stability remains. Before the U.S. military campaign against the orthodox Islamist Taliban movement began on October 7, 2001, Afghanistan had been mired in conflict since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. The defeat of the Taliban has enabled the United States and its coalition partners to send forces throughout Afghanistan to search for Taliban and… more
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
open access

Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues

Description: This report discusses the issue of U.S. economic assistance to sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the importance of continued assistance in light of U.S. national security and also various U.S.-led efforts to promote reform amongst African citizens themselves. U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations.
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
open access

Islamic Terrorism and the Balkans

Description: Report discussing the potential for terrorists to develop within the Balkans region of Europe. According to the introduction, "This report will focus on two countries and a province with majority or near-majority Muslim populations: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, and Kosovo. It will deal with the role of international Islamic terrorist groups such as Al Qaeda rather than indigenous nationalist groups pursuing local or regional objectives" (p. 2).
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Woehrel, Steven
open access

Missile Survey: Ballistic and Cruise Missiles of Selected Foreign Countries

Description: This report provides a current summary of ballistic and cruise missile activity in selected countries and discusses implications for U.S. national security policy. The Defense Threat Reduction Agency’s Weapons of Mass Destruction Terms of Reference Handbook defines a ballistic missile as “a missile that is guided during powered flight and unguided during the free flight when the trajectory that it follows is subject only to the external influences of gravity and atmospheric drag” and a cruise a… more
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Feickert, Andrew
open access

Open Access Publishing and Citation Archives: Background and Controversy

Description: This report begins with an inventory of basic information: definitions and guides to histories of the growth of open access publishing and citation archives and descriptions of selected major open access activities. It moves on to summarize major points of difference between proponents and opponents of nongovernmental open access publishing and databases, and then highlights federal, including National Institutes of Health (NIH), open access activities and contentious issues surrounding these d… more
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Knezo, Genevieve J.
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