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open access

The Crude Oil Windfall Profit Tax Act: Context and Content

Description: Debate over natural gas pricing has included the consideration of a windfall profit tax, with the oil windfall profit tax as a possible guide to what might be levied on natural gas at the wellhead. This report reviews the issues surrounding the enactment of the crude oil windfall profit tax, spells out its provisions, and provides data on the revenues collected and anticipated.
Date: December 17, 1981
Creator: Gelb, Bernard A.
open access

Recruiting, Retention, and Quality in the All-Volunteer Force

Description: This report highli8hts some of the major issues of recruiting, retention, and quality raised by the transition to an All-Volunteer Force (AVF) and efforts to maintain it in the 1970s and 1980s. The strategic and political basis of current military manpower policy provides the framework for a discussion of quantitative, qualitative, and analytical and administrative issues regarding the A'TF.
Date: June 8, 1981
Creator: Goldich, Robert L.
open access

China-U.S. Trade

Description: The improved political relationship between the United States and the People's Republic of China (P.R.C.), initiated by the Nixon Administration and furthered by the Carter Administration's decision to establish diplomatic relations, has spurred a rapid increase in Sino-U.S. trade. While still small relative to overall U.S. foreign trade, the volume of trade represents an abrupt shift from the no-trade policy that had been pursued since 1950. Despite the rapid expansion, outstanding issues rema… more
Date: November 19, 1981
Creator: Holliday, George D. & Hardt, John P.
open access

Land Disposal Policies of the Principal Federal Land Management Agencies

Description: The days in which the Federal Government provided cheap land for the taking are gone. Nevertheless, interest in obtaining Federal lands remains high, and it is still possible to obtain parcels of public lands under certain circumstances. The land disposal practices of the principal Federal land management agencies are summarized in this report.
Date: July 1, 1981
Creator: Huston, Cynthia E.
open access

Chemical Warfare: A Primer on Agents, Munitions, and Defensive Measures

Description: The recent Department of Defense proposal to develop a capability to modernize and expand the current U.S. chemical warfare munition stocks with binary nerve agent munitions has focused attention on the subject of chemical warfare. This paper provides a brief introductory discussion of modern chemical warfare, describing the types of agents, delivery methods, and defense against chemical agents. It does not discuss policy, strategy, tactics, or disarmament aspects of chemical warfare. These iss… more
Date: April 27, 1981
Creator: Kallis, E. M.
open access

Chemical Warfare: Background And Issues

Description: This report concerns the renewed effort to modernize and expand the current US retaliatory chemical stockpile with binary munitions, which emerged in 1981. The effort is prompted by concern over the continued Soviet emphasis on chemical warfare capabilities. The report also documents the consistent Soviet refusal to accept a chemical warfare disarmament treaty.
Date: June 22, 1981
Creator: Kallis, E. M.
open access

Abortion: Judicial and Legislative Control

Description: In 1973 the U.S. Supreme Court held that the Constitution protects a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy, Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113, and that a State may not unduly burden the exercise of that fundamental right by regulations that prohibit or substantially limit access to the means of effectuating that decision, Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179. But rather than settling the issue, the Court's rulings have kindled heated debate and precipitated a variety of governmental actions… more
Date: October 13, 1981
Creator: Lewis, Karen J.; Rosenberg, Morton & Porter, Allison I.
open access

CRS Studies in the Public Domain

Description: Abstract: "A subject listing of those Congressional Research service studies and reports which have been printed in some form by the U.S. Government printing office and have been made publicly available between June 1 and November 30, 1981."
Date: November 1981
Creator: Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service.
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