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Performance of a vane driven-gear pump

Description: Given here are the results of a test conducted in a wind tunnel on the performance of a vane-driven gear pump used to pump gasoline upward into a small tank located within the upper wing from which it flows by gravity to the engine carburetor. Information is given on the efficiency of the pump, the head resistance of the vanes, the performance and characteristics of the unit with and without housing about the vanes, the pump performance when motor driven, and resistance and power characteristic… more
Date: September 1921
Creator: Heald, R. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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The Factors That Determine the Minimum Speed of an Airplane

Description: The author argues that because of a general misunderstanding of the principles of flight at low speed, there are a large number of airplanes that could be made to fly several miles per hour slower than at present by making slight modifications. In order to show how greatly the wing section affects the minimum speed, curves are plotted against various loadings. The disposition of wings on the airplane slightly affects the lift coefficient, and a few such cases are discussed.
Date: March 1921
Creator: Norton, F. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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The Problem of Fuel for Aviation Engines

Description: Note presenting the physical properties which may be demanded of fuels for aviation use and the means that may be adopted by the engine manufacturers to properly meet the demands necessitated by the use of the fuel. Some of the factors that must be considered include its composition, the quantity available, the price per heat unit, and the possibility of keeping stocks in aerial ports both at home and abroad.
Date: July 1921
Creator: Kutzbach & James, W. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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The development of German Army airplanes during the war

Description: From Summary: "The author, who was a captain of the Reserves in the Technical Department of the Aviation Division (Board of Airplane Experts) during the war, shows what means were taken for the creation of new airplane types and what tests were employed for trying out their flying properties, capacities and structural reliability. The principal representative types of each of the classes of airplanes are described and the characteristics of the important structural parts are discussed. Data reg… more
Date: June 1921
Creator: Hoff, Wilhelm
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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The Employment of Airships for the Transport of Passengers: Indications on the Maximum Limits of Their Useful Load, Distance Covered, Altitude and Speed

Description: It was a conclusion of this detailed study of the practicality of using airships for carrying passengers that, although slow, airships are capable of carrying useful loads over long distances. However, it is noted that there is a certain limit to the advantages of large cubature. Beyond a certain point, the maximum altitude of the airship goes on decreasing, in spite of the fact that the range of action in the horizontal plane and the useful load go on increasing. The possibility of rapid climb… more
Date: August 1921
Creator: Nobile, Umberto
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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The Caproni Seaplane

Description: The Caproni Company recently built a seaplane of unusual design. The main supporting surfaces consisted of three triplanes in tandem, the lower wings being attached to the hull, which was described as providing accommodation for a hundred passengers. On one of the first flights, the seaplane fell into a lake, nose down, and was destroyed. The authors wish to show that this failure could have been predicted.
Date: July 1921
Creator: Munk, Max
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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The Theory of the Screw Propeller

Description: Given here is a brief review of the fundamental principles of the propeller slip-stream theory and its further development through later researches, which demonstrate the connection between the propeller slip-stream theory and Frounde's so-called 'propeller blade theory.' The propeller slip-stream theory, especially in its improved form, now gives us the basis for determining the mutual influence of the parts of the blade, so that, in calculating the shape of the blade, we can get along with ce… more
Date: February 1922
Creator: Betz, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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New Data on the Laws of Fluid Resistance

Description: Thus far, all attempts at the quantitative determination of drag, on the basis of the theory of viscous fluids, have met with but slight success. For this reason, whenever a more accurate knowledge of the drag is desirable, it must be determined by experiment. Here, a few experimental results are given on the drag of a cylinder exposed to a stream of air at right angles to its axis. It is shown that the drag depends on the absolute dimensions of the body and the velocity and viscosity of the fl… more
Date: March 1922
Creator: Wieselsberger, C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Langley Field wind tunnel apparatus

Description: From Summary: "The difficulties experienced in properly holding thin tipped or tapered airfoils while testing on an N.P.L. type aerodynamic balance even at low air speeds, and the impossibility of holding even solid metal models at the high speeds attainable at the National Advisory Committee's wind tunnel, necessitated the design of a balance which would hold model airfoils of any thickness and at speeds up to 150 m.p.h. In addition to mechanical strength and rigidity, it was highly desirable … more
Date: October 1921
Creator: Bacon, D. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Air force and three moments for F-5-L Seaplane

Description: From Introduction: "A model of the F-5-L seaplane was made, verified, and tested at 40 miles an hour in the 8' x 8' tunnel for lift and drag, also for pitching, yawing and rolling moments. Subsequently, the yawing moment test was repeated with a modified fin. The results are reported without VL scale correction."
Date: February 1922
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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An Investigation on the Effect of Raked Wing Tips

Description: This investigation was carried out by request of the United States Air Service in the wind tunnel of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The results are here published by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics as it is thought that they may be of general interest. Wings of the R.A.F. 6 section are tested with various angles of rake, and it is found that although rake has very little effect, a positive or negative rake of 30 degrees is the best.
Date: November 1921
Creator: Norton, F. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Surface area coefficients for airship envelopes

Description: "In naval architecture, it is customary to determine the wetted surface of a ship by means of some formula which involves the principal dimensions of the design and suitable constants. These formulas of naval architecture may be extended and applied to the calculation of the surface area of airship envelopes by the use of new values of the constants determined for this purpose. Surface area coefficients were calculated from the actual dimensions, surfaces, and volumes of 52 streamline bodies, w… more
Date: February 1922
Creator: Diehl, W. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Göttingen Wind Tunnel for Testing Aircraft Models

Description: Given here is a brief description of the Göttingen wind tunnel for the testing of aircraft models, preceded by a history of its development. Included are a number of diagrams illustrating, among other things, a sectional elevation of the wind tunnel, the pressure regulator, the entrance cone and method of supporting a model for simple drag tests, a three-component balance, and a propeller testing device, all of which are discussed in the text.
Date: November 1920
Creator: Prandtl, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Hydrostatic Test of an Airship Model

Description: An airship model made by the Goodyear Rubber Company was filled with water and suspended from a beam. The deformations of the envelope were studied under the following conditions: 1) both ballonets empty; 2) forward ballonets filled with air; 3) rear ballonets filled with air; and 4) both ballonets filled with air. Photographs were taken to record the deflections under each of these conditions, and a study was made to determine the minimum head of water necessary to maintain the longitudinal ax… more
Date: March 1922
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Ground Influence on Aerofoils

Description: The question of ground influence on airplanes has recently attracted some attention in view of the claims made by certain designers that the landing speed of their airplanes is much decreased by an increase in lift coefficient due to the proximity of the ground in landing. The results of wind tunnel tests indicate that ground effect is not entirely beneficial. It decreases the landing speed and cushions the landing shock somewhat. However, it does so at the expense of an increased length of pre… more
Date: December 1921
Creator: Raymond, Arthur E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Test of Oil Scraper Piston Ring and Piston Fitted With Oil Drain Holes

Description: Tests were conducted to determine whether or not a properly located and properly designed oil scraper piston ring, installed on a piston provided with oil drain holes of sufficient area, would prevent the excessive oiling of the Liberty engine, particularly with the engine running at idling speed with full oil pressure. Results showed that excessive oiling was in fact prevented. It is strongly recommended that scraper rings and pistons be adopted for aircraft engines.
Date: August 1922
Creator: McDewell, H. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

The Effect of Staggering a Biplane

Description: This investigation was carried out by request of the United States Air Service at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology wind tunnel in 1918. As the data collected may be of general interest, they are published here by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. The lift, drag, and center of pressure travel are determined for a biplane with a stagger varying from +100% to -100%. It is found that the efficiency and the maximum lift increase with positive stagger.
Date: September 1921
Creator: Norton, F. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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High thermal efficiency in airplane service

Description: Described here is a method by which high average fuel economy has been achieved in aircraft engines. Details are given of the design of certain foreign engines that employ an unusual type of fuel-air ratio control in which the change in power produced by a mixture change is due almost entirely to the change in the power producing ability of the unit weight of the mixture. The safety and performance features of this type of control are explained.
Date: December 1920
Creator: Sparrow, S. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Recent Efforts and Experiments in the Construction of Aviation Engines

Description: It became evident during World War I that ever-increasing demands were being placed on the mean power of aircraft engines as a result of the increased on board equipment and the demands of aerial combat. The need was for increased climbing efficiency and climbing speed. The response to these demands has been in terms of lightweight construction and the adaptation of the aircraft engine to the requirements of its use.
Date: September 1920
Creator: Schwager, [Otto]
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Causes of cracking of ignition cable

Description: From Summary: "The experiments described here show that the cracking at sharp bends, observed in the insulation of internal combustion engine high tension ignition wires after service, is due to a chemical attack upon the rubber by the ozone produced by the electric discharge that takes place at the surface of the cable. This cracking does not occur if the insulating material is not under tension, or if the cable is surrounded by some medium other than air. But it does occur even if the insulat… more
Date: February 1921
Creator: Dempsey, J. B. & Silsbee, F. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Horizontal Buoyancy in Wind Tunnels

Description: Note presenting an examination of horizontal buoyancy in wind tunnels, including an examination of the relative flow, static pressure gradient, horizontal buoyancy computation, and methods of computation in practical use are provided.
Date: November 1920
Creator: Zahm, A. F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

The Steadiness Factor in Engine Sets

Description: Technical notes discussing the steadiness factor in engines and the calculations that can be used to arrive at it. Factors affecting the steadiness factor are detailed, including the mass of parts, torque, engine rotation, and power.
Date: December 1920
Creator: Margoulis, W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

The Effect of the Nature of Surfaces on Resistance as Tested on Struts

Description: The chief concern was to measure the variations of resistance brought about by the nature of the surface of the struts. The struts were spanned with aviation linen, and then covered with one coat of varnish. The top surface was not perfectly smooth after this treatment, being slightly rough owing to the threads and raised fibers of the fabric. The results of the measurements of the surfaces are shown by the dotted lines of the curves plotted in several figures.
Date: February 1921
Creator: Wieselsberger, G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Measurements of Rudder Moments on an Airplane During Flight

Description: Tests indicated that: 1) C airplanes with two struts are extremely susceptible to aileron maneuvers, slight alterations of the aileron sufficing to compensate great unequalized moments; 2) great unequalized moments can be produced or neutralized by the unequalized alternation of the angle of attack below the outer and inner struts. Adjustment below the outer strut is the more effective of the two. 3) When a load of bombs is suspended beyond the center of the airplane, below the wings, the bombs… more
Date: January 1921
Creator: Heidelberg, V.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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