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Transport Processes in Electrochemically Controlled Ion-Exchange Desalination

Description: From Summary: "The results of such experiments are summarized as follows: 1. Anion-responsive electrodes formed with Kraton, graphite, Norit, and Amberlite CG-4B demineralized well at currents up to 10 milli-amperes; regeneration was efficient up to 8 milliamperes. 2. Satisfactory anion-responsive electrodes containing Amberlite IRA-68 could only be formed when resin was first ground while in the sulfate form; it was required that it be added to the paste mixture (Kraton, Norit, and graphite) i… more
Date: March 1969
Creator: Evans, S.; Accomazzo, M. A.; Accomazzo, J. E.; Ladacki, M. & Lossett, K. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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Development of Water Purification Systems Based on Reverse Osmosis

Description: Report demonstrating the concept of a small and disposable reverse-osmosis cartridge. Research includes "1) a search for suitable membrane supporting structures and materials during which the hydrodynamic characteristics of a number of potential materials were evaluated, 2) the evaluation of reverse-osmosis membranes cast directly on support materials and on reinforcing materials, and 3) the design, fabrication and testing of a small reverse-osmosis cartridge" (p. 1).
Date: April 1969
Creator: Ellington, R. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Sea Water Corrosion Test Program

Description: From Introduction: "The first demonstration plant sponsored by the Office of Saline Water was located in Freeport, Texas, and came 'on stream" in 1961. The incoming sea water was deaerated since both Speller (6) and Uhlig (7) recognized that dissolved oxygen was usually the controlling factor in the corrosion of iron stream condensate at temperatures even as high 400 degrees F. The water was acidified prior to daeration with H2SO4 to decompose the carbonates which subsequently would cause scale… more
Date: March 1969
Creator: Behrens, H. C.; Martin, F. D.; Osborn, O.; Rice, L.; Russell, W. B.; Schreiber, C. F. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Investigation of Membrane Stack Resistance Increase With a Natural Brackish Water

Description: From Introduction: "An investigation was undertaken by the Bureau of Reclamation to identify the cause of causes of this problem with a particular brackish water. The resistance increase of is of great concern principally because of the increase in power consumption that ultimately contributes to a higher cost for product water. Reports show that membrane stack resistance has increased as much as 200 percent over period of several days."
Date: January 1968
Creator: Furukawa, D. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Evaluation of Brine Desulfating Process As Applied To Desalination Phase 1

Description: Report issued by the Office of Saline Water over studies conducted on the desulfating process at desalination plants. As stated in the introduction, "the explicit purpose of this study is to determine whether or not application of the feed-water desulfating process to the feed to a desalting plant will reduce the overall cost of desalted water" (p. 1). This report includes tables, and illustrations.
Date: October 1967
Creator: Ennis, Charles E.; Gelblum, G. P. & Pechenick, William
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Development of a Thin-Liquid-Film Membrane Unit for Desalination by Reverse Osmosis

Description: Report describing a contract to study laminar flow in narrow channels as a possible alternative to turbulent flow in wider channels for minimizing the losses in efficiency due to concentration polarization in the reverse osmosis process for desalination of sea water. A laboratory study and a practical study were both undertaken.
Date: June 1969
Creator: Davies, D. S. & Canamare, J. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

A New Design Concept for Reverse Osmosis Membrane Cells

Description: From Introduction: "A new concept, that of lateral permeation of product water through a porous substrate, is the basis for both the cost reduction study of plate-and-frame reverse osmosis units and the study of field replacement of membrane and is therefore the subject of the development studies encompassed by this report."
Date: May 1969
Creator: Fluke, G. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Case Studies of Desalted Water for Irrigation

Description: Report studying the use of desalinated water for irrigation at three locations in Arizona and California. Costs and benefits are measured among several different areas, including multiple concentrations of desalinated water, different desalting methods, and the desalting process.
Date: March 1972
Creator: United States. Bureau of Reclamation.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

VTE Pilot Plant Annual Report for the Period Ending July 1, 1968

Description: From Summary and Conclusions: "After a period of tests at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1966 and 1967, the Vertical Tube Evaporator (VTE) Pilot Plant was moved to the OSW's East Coast Test Station at Wrightsville Beach, N.C. In the summer of 1967 it was installed and was started in upflow operation with seawater feed, using stem and other services provided by the station. The operation of the Pilot Plant at Wrightsville Beach was performed by Stearns-Roger Corporation under subcontract t… more
Date: December 1970
Creator: Hill, John W. & Hise, Eugene C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Development of Direct Contact Condensation Multistage Flash Distillation Process: Phase 3A

Description: Report investigating the feasibility of the Atomics International Direct Contact Condensation Multistage Flash (DCC-MSF) Distillation process using "analytical and experimental studies on a direct contact condensation module and a plastic film heat exchanger. (p. iii) Contains further studies and evaluations of the direct-contact condensation unit and plastic film heat exchanger.
Date: January 1971
Creator: Kohl, A. L.; Shimazaki, T. T.; Suratt, W. B. & Westerman, S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Oak Ridge National Laboratory Vertical Tube Evaporator Pilot Plant Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1970

Description: From Introduction: "This report covers the work done in fiscal 1970 and the small amount of work done in the early part of fiscal 1971; the inclusive dates covered are July 1, 1969 through July 10, 1970. A four effect VTE train operating in the downflow mode. A single effect VTE unit operating in the downflow mode. A mixed phase high pressure water and steam jet compression unit complete with a boiler to supply high pressure motive steam."
Date: October 1970
Creator: Stearns-Roger Corporation
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Seawater Desalting with Chemical Recovery

Description: From Introduction: "The report describes the studies made on 20mgd desalting plants, a size that was selected based on recovering 3,000 tons per day of salt for feed to a chlorine-caustic plant that would be part of the Energy Center."
Date: January 1971
Creator: Burns and Roe, Inc.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Vacuum-Freezing Vapor-Compression Desalting Process

Description: From Abstract: "The Vacuum-Freezing Vapor-Compression Process (VFVC) was evaluated during the period from February, 1965, through March, 1967, by Colt Industries Inc. under O.S.W. Contract No. 14-01-0001-532." From Process Description: "The primary principles involved for converting of sea and brackish water to fresh water in the VFVC Process are rather well known in physical chemistry and are summarized below. The principles discussed above, applied to a practical VFVC desalting system, are il… more
Date: 1968
Creator: Consie, R.; Emmermann, D.; Fraser, J.; Johnson, W. B. & Johnson, W. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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